Organochlorine compounds present in effluents from
the
pulp and paper industry are regarded as a potent threat
to the environment. Total organohalogen concentrations
are
commonly measured in sediment as extractable organic
halogen (EOX). Spacial and vertical levels of EOX
were
determined in areas likely to be affected by
organochlorine
pollution in Lake Saimaa, along the Kymi River, and around
the Gulf of Finland. High levels of EOX were found in
samples from southern Lake Saimaa and the Kymi River.
Spacial EOX distribution indicated that there is
transport
of organochlorines from the Kymi River to the eastern Gulf
of Finland, and EOX results from the Kotka area showed
that substantial, widespread, organochlorine pollution
persists
30 km off the coast. Sediments from Vyborg Bay
(Russia)
and from Tallinn Bay and Ihasalu Bay (Estonia) contained
low amounts of EOX. Results from 73 stations
indicated
that pollution from chlorine bleaching and municipal water
chlorination remains localized. Vertical EOX
distributions
in sediment samples from the whole Gulf of Finland and
results
from a sediment trap experiment in the open Gulf suggest
that naturally produced halogenated compounds are
contributing to surface sediment concentrations and,
furthermore, far exceed the anthropogenic
contribution.
The "missing time" (i.e., days 45-69) was accidentally included in some calculations and caused a 20% lower value in the per annum rates. The following corrected values were calculated using the true 102 days for collection of material.Page 102 (Natural Organohalogen Production in the Gulf of Finland). The dry matter deposition rate should be 0.51 kg m -2 a -1 . The EOX deposition rate should be 5.6 mg of Cl m -2 a -1 .Page 103 (Total EOX Quantities in the Gulf of Finland). The annual deposition of EOX around the Gulf of Finland would be 56 t in the active sedimentation areas.
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