Abstract:In the present paper, we investigate the description ability of digital sound data by the rule set of one dimensional cellular automata with two state and three neighbors referred to as 1-2-3 CA hereafter. It has been shown that the two-rules set of (#90, #180) has the highest description ability of all the possible two-rules sets. For several sound data, however, the data amount of the resultant codes becomes larger than original data, originating into the limitations of the two-rules set of (#90, #180). In order to overcome the limitations, we try to improve the description ability of digital sound data by adding another rule to (#90, #180). Therefore, we evaluate the description ability for the all the possible sets, where we add another rule to (#90, #180). From computer experiments, for the three-rules set of (#45, #90, #180), the averaged length of the rule sequences of the resultant codes becomes shorter, and a ratio of the reduced search number takes larger for all the data. Thus, we succeed to improve the description ability.

Dominant hand dysfunction due to cerebrovascular accident or fracture makes it more difficult to self-inject insulin. This would likely lead to diminishing a patient's quality of life. We made a new device to introduce self-injection of insulin by a patient's non-dominant hand and tested it. This device was built into a 600-g block of wood 11.5 cm x 8 cm x 8 cm, to be used with the InnoLet insulin kit system (Novo Nordisk Pharmaceuticals Inc., Bagsvaerd, Denmark). It had an insulin injector clamp on the front and a needle holder on the top. The bottom and the back were covered with silicon rubber, which allows the device's own weight to affix it on a table. The insulin injector is placed upright in a holder and fastened with a bar. A needle is installed on the insulin injector with a needle cap. After this cap was removed, the patient could remove any air bubbles by pushing 2 units of insulin through the needle. After the insulin injector was unfastened from the device, the patient injected the insulin subcutaneously into his abdomen or thigh. Then, the insulin injector was removed from the device. We introduced this device in a 59-year-old man with type 2 diabetes mellitus who had suffered from ischemic cerebral infarction in the left middle cerebral artery distribution, resulting in complete right hemiparesis. Our patient mastered this procedure within a few days. At the time of discharge, he could self-inject regular human insulin in a dose of 16 units in the morning, 6 units at noon, and 8 units in the evening. Two weeks after he was admitted to our hospital, he continued independent insulin self-injection three times per day without any help. His hemoglobin A(1c) level gradually decreased until it reached 5.7%. The self-injection of insulin may be introduced with a new device by the non-dominant hand in a patient with diabetes having a disabled dominant hand.