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Introduction: Body composition is becoming important to be taken into account, as it is not only an integral part of individual nutritional assessment but also as a biomarker in acute or chronic diseases. Percentage and distribution of body fat is clinically most interest as it play a significant role in determining cardiovascular risk. Various modern methods have been developed to determine percentage body fat for hospital setting, however, low-cost body composition technology for health surveillance is also required. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of energy intake on percentage body fat and to determine whether the CUN-BAE equation formula has an accuracy comparable to BIA, so that it can used as a low-cost body composition technology for health surveillance. Material and Method: This crossed sectional study is part of The Jember Body composition Study. This study invited 84 female dental students with an ideal range of Body Mass Index (21.06±0.17) to participate in this study. Calorie intake was calculated using the 24 hour recall method. Assessment of percentage body fat was performed using Bioelectrical Impedance Analyzer (BIA) and CUN-BAE equation formula. Result: Total energy intake was positively associated with total body fat in female dental students, higher energy intake was associated with higher percentage body fat as determined by CUN-BAE equation (95% CI 16.69, 16.94) as well as by BIA (95% CI 14.11, 15.38). Percentage body fat determine by the CUN-BAE equation method was highly correlated with that determine by the BIA method (95% CI -1.07, 0.33). The average results of FM measurements by the two measurement methods are also same. Conclusion: Higher energy intake is associated with higher percentage body fat. The CUN-BAE equation method has the same accuracy as the BIA method in calculating percentage fat mass. CUN-BAE equation formula is simple and suitable for low-cost body composition assessment method to assess percentage body fat in a population based study.

Inflammation of periodontal tissue due to Porphyromonas gingivalis which invades the gingival tissue due to the activity of virulence factors. This causes the host immune system changes and increases COX-2 production in periodontal tissue so resulting excessive tissue destruction. The aim of this study was to analyze the potency of proanthocyanidins extract of cacao pod husk to inhibit COX-2 expression in rat gingival sulcus fluid. 3 groups in this study, namely negative control, positive control, and treatment. In all groups, on the 0 day, gingival sulcus fluid was taken, then the rats were induced by Porphyromonas gingivalis once every 3 days for 2 weeks; then in the negative control group a placebo gel was applied and the treatment group was applied proanthocyanidins extract gel of cacao pod husk extract every day for 7, 14, and 28 days and serial gingival crevicular fluid collection was carried out on days 7, 14, and 28. The expression of COX-2 in the gingival crevicular fluid was observed using the ELISA method. The statistical test used was Anova. There were a significant difference in COX-2 expressions (p <0.05). There was a decrease in the expression of COX-2 in rat gingival sulcus fluid induced by Porphyromonas gingivalis and given 10% cacao pod husk extract. Bioactive compounds in cocoa pod husk extract potential to reduce COX-2 expression in periodontitis rats. Article Details

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