BackgroundThe focus of medical schools in developing countries is on fulfilling a quantity of faculty members. A faculty development model will help formulate programmes that accommodate faculty members’ needs as well as institutional demands. This study aims to formulate a faculty development model relevant for medical schools in developing countries, specifically Indonesia.MethodsThis is a qualitative study with a phenomenological approach. It starts with a literature review using large databases, followed by interviews with 10 representative experts from medical schools in Indonesia.ResultsBased on the 10 studies retrieved, several components of faculty development were identified as the basis for the model. Ten experts gave input for the model. Components of the model can be grouped into: (i) content, which is materials that need to be delivered; (ii) process components, which depict aspects related to the preparation, execution and evaluation of sustainable faculty development; and (iii) components in the educational system that affect faculty development implementation.ConclusionA comprehensive review and development process has likely made this faculty development model suitable for medical schools in Indonesia. Breaking the model into components may help medical schools to prioritise certain aspects related to faculty development programmes.

Coronavirus Disease-19 (Covid-19) is a disease that has become a global epidemic.  The World Health Organization (WHO) has declared Covid-19 a pandemic. Indonesia declared the status of the Covid-19 disease to be an Emergency Response. Supporting the social distancing, the right strategy is needed to continue implementing health services amid the Covid-19 pandemic. This activity aimed to provide knowledge related to Covid-19 to the community and health consultations and medical advice through applications (teleconsultation) to minimize patients queuing at Health Service Facilities directly. The activity partners were the Indonesian Medical Association (IDI) Bengkulu City Branch, Bengkulu City Health Office, and the Indonesian Red Crescent (BSMI) Bengkulu City Region. The method of this activity was to provide socialization, health consultation and medical advice through applications (teleconsultation) regarding the spread, transmission and prevention of Covid-19 from May 1 to August 31 2020. The number of participants was 41 people from Bengkulu City. The highest number of diseases consulted were acute respiratory infections (38.7%.) and Covid-19 independent protocol consultation (31.58%.) Teleconsultation can be continued and developed into a patentable application. Application development is indispensable in responding to the challenges of the health world in the digital era.

The incidence of falls in 1 year can reach millions of people with an increase in deaths due to falls of up to 30% in 9 years. About 58.1% of falls are experienced by someone with a body balance disorder. The diaphragm muscle is a part of the muscle that has an influence on postural control by increasing intra-abdominal pressure by putting pressure on the thoracolumbar fascia which allows for an influence on body balance. This research was conducted to determine the effect of diaphragm muscle strengthening exercises with Sandbag Breathing on body balance. The research design was pre-experimental with the type of one group pre and post tests carried out in Bengkulu City, the independent variable in this study was diaphragm muscle strengthening exercises with sandbag breathing and the dependent variable was body balance, the sampling technique used a non-probability purposive sampling technique . Assessment of body balance was carried out before and after the intervention of diaphragm muscle strengthening exercises with Sandbag Breathing for 4 weeks. The influence of variables will be analyzed statistically using the Paired T test and Wilcoxon. The results showed that diaphragm muscle strengthening exercises with Sandbag Breathing had a significant effect on body balance with a significance value of 0.000. Diaphragm strengthening exercises with sandbag breathing affect static and dynamic body balance. Keywords: Body Balance, Diaphragm Muscles, Sandbag Breathing  ABSTRAK Angka Kejadian Jatuh dalam 1 tahun dapat mencapai jutaan orang dengan peningkatan kematian akibat jatuh hingga 30% dalam 9 tahun. Sekitar 58,1% kejadian jatuh dialami oleh seseorang dengan gangguan keseimbangan tubuh. Otot diafragma merupakan salah satu bagian otot yang memiliki pengaruh terhadap kontrol postural melalui peningkatan tekanan intra-abdominal dengan memberikan tekanan pada fascia torakolumbal yang memungkinkan adanya pengaruh pada keseimbangan tubuh. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui pengaruh latihan penguatan otot diafragma dengan Sandbag Breathing terhadap keseimbangan tubuh. Desain penelitian ini adalah pre-experimental dengan jenis one group pre dan post test yang dilaksanakan di Kota Bengkulu, variabel bebas pada penelitian ini adalah latihan penguatan otot diafragma dengan sandbag breathing dan variabel terikat adalah keseimbangan tubuh, teknik pengambilan sampel menggunakan teknik non probability purposive sampling. Penilaian keseimbangan tubuh dilakukan sebelum dan sesudah intervensi latihan penguatan otot diafragma dengan Sandbag Breathing selama 4 minggu. Pengaruh variabel akan di analisis secara statistik menggunakan uji Paired T test dan Wilcoxon. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa latihan penguatan otot diafragma dengan Sandbag Breathing berpengaruh secara signifikan terhadap keseimbangan tubuh dengan nilai signifikansi 0,000. Latihan penguatan otot diafragma dengan sandbag breathing berpengaruh terhadap keseimbangan tubuh statis dan dinamis. Kata Kunci: Keseimbangan Tubuh, Otot Diafragma, Sandbag Breathing

<em>Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a metabolic disorder resulting from a defect insulin secretion, insulin action, or both. It is one of the chronic noncommunicable diseases which have emerged global health problem and predicted the number raise to 628,6 million by 2045. Type 2 diabetes mellitus related with muscle mass decreased from increased of ubiquitin-proteasome pathway,autophagi-lisosome and caspase-3-mediated proteolytic that have roles in muscle protein degradation. Physical activity showed positive correlation with oxidative capasity repair in skeletal muscle. Physical activity effect increase muscle protein synthesis that inhibite muscle mass decrease. Physical activity is variety of movements resulting from skeletal muscle movement to produce energy, increase ability of muscle, muscle repair, cardiorespiratory, bone health, and reduce the risk of depression and non-communicable diseases. Physical activity level divided into 3 group; light physical activity (intensity &lt;3 MET), moderate activity (intensty 3-5,9 MET), and vigerous activity (intensity ≥6 MET). This review aims to exploration the role of physical activity level to muscle mass in type 2 diabetes mellitus. We collected primer data from various references from 2010-2020 from PubMed and Cochrane database. The references collected is characteristic of physical activit and  muscle mass in type 2 diabetes mellitus, effect of physical activity tomuscle mass and insullin sensitivity and inflammation in type 2 diabetes mellitus. This review is a systematic literature review used Cook and West’s concepts. </em>

The Covid-19 pandemic is a global health problem that is affecting the entire population of the world. Decreased social interaction and lack of social support, also the demands to get good grades have a negative impact on student's mental health levels, one of the mental health problems is anxiety. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between the levels of physical activity and anxiety during the distance learning process in the Covid-19 pandemic era. This study used an observational analytical study with a cross-sectional design. The respondents were 107 Bengkulu University college students, consecutive sampling technique. Assessment using the Global Physical Activity Questionnaire and the Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale questionnaire. The relationship between variable was analyzed by the Gamma correlation test. The results showed that the most level of physical activity in the research subjects was in the low category (59,8%), with the most anxiety level being mild anxiety (47,7%). Based on statistical analysis obtained p = 0,000 and r = -0,499. This study shows that there is a significant relationship between the levels of physical activity and anxiety in Bengkulu University students during the distance learning process in the Covid-19 pandemic era with a moderate correlation.