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-The objective of this work was to evaluate the phytochemical profile and bioactivity of extracts of Brazilian stinging ("cansanção") nettle (Cnidoscolus urens) on cabbage caterpillar (Ascia monuste orseis). Mortality, larval stage duration, pupal viability and mass, percentage of deformed pupae, and feeding preference were evaluated. The constituent classes of the ethanolic extracts were also identified by analytical thin-layer chromatography (TLC). Ethanolic extracts of leaves and roots at 2% (m/v) and aqueous extract of roots at 20% (m/v) prolonged the larval phase of the insect. The ethanolic extract of leaves at 2% reduced pupal viability, and pupae from all treatments showed reduced masses and generated deformed adults. Except for the ethanolic extract of stem at 2% (m/v), all other extracts showed a deterrent effect on A. monuste orseis larvae. The phytochemical analysis of ethanolic extracts showed the major presence of phenolic compounds, naphthoquinones, anthraquinones, coumarins, anthracene derivatives, terpenes, and steroids, as well as tannins. Aqueous extracts at 20% concentration and ethanolic extracts at 2% of leaves, stems, and roots of cansanção nettle cause larval mortality and also reduce leaf consumption, pupal viability, and pupal mass of A. monuste orseis.

The aim of the current study was to identify the phytochemical profile of several different fractions of the ethanolic extract taken from the cansanção-nettle leaves, as well as assess the bioactivity on Ascia monuste orseis. After gathering the plant samples, the species was identified, and the organic extracts were collected after processing was completed in the laboratory. The fractions obtained were as follows: hexane (Hex-F), chloroform (CHCl3-F), ethyl acetate (AcOEt-F) and methanolic (MeOH-F). In the context of the insect, the biological parameters evaluated included the incubation period, egg viability, length of the larval stage and mortality, pupal viability and weight, number of defective adults and leaf consumption. The extracts revealed a large percentage of anthraquinones, coumarins, anthracene derivatives, terpenes and steroids and water-soluble tannins. All the organic extracts were confirmed to exert a negative effect on the embryonic, larval, pupal and adult phases of the cabbage-caterpillar, implying that the chloroform fraction induced 100% mortality in this pierid. It was also possible to verify that all the fractions also affected the feeding behavior of the cabbage-caterpillar, decreasing the leaf consumption by the larvae during the organic extract treatments.

Schinus terebinthifolius Raddi é uma planta nativa do Brasil, porém não endêmica, pertencente à família Anacardiaceae, com ampla distribuição geográfica nas regiões Nordeste, Centro-Oeste, Sudeste e Sul do país. Suas folhas e cascas do caule são amplamente utilizadas na medicina popular como adstringente, antimicrobiano, cicatrizante, anti-inflamatório, antipirético e analgésico. A maioria dos estudos químicos realizados até o momento indicam que essa espécie possui uma quantidade significativa de terpenos nos óleos essenciais de suas folhas. No entanto, há uma escassez de estudos que explorem os compostos químicos presentes na casca de Schinus terebinthifolius. Nesse sentido, o objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar os constituintes químicos presentes no óleo essencial das cascas de S. terebinthifolius coletadas no município de Petrolina-PE. O material para extração do óleo essencial foi constituído de cascas frescas de S. terebinthifolius. A extração dos óleos essenciais foi realizada por hidrodestilação e sua análise química através de cromatografia gasosa. O rendimento de óleo essencial obtido foi 0,2%, sendo que os constituintes majoritários foram os sesquiterpenos Caryophyllene oxide (13.61%) e Caryophylla- 4(12),8(13) -dien-5α-ol (3.89%). A relação entre as propriedades terapêuticas do óleo essencial das cascas de S. terebinthifolius e sua composição química é um tema de grande importância. No entanto, é fundamental realizar estudos mais detalhados sobre os efeitos biológicos e sinérgicos dos componentes químicos presentes neste óleo essencial, a fim de explorar plenamente seu potencial terapêutico em aplicações medicinais.

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