Toxicidade de extratos vegetais de plantas do cerrado de uso medicinal Toxicity of vegetable extracts from plants in the cerrado for medicine use

Restrição hídrica em teste de sanidade de diásporos de Myracrodruon urundeuva Fr. All.Water restriction in sanity test in diaspores of Myracrodruon urundeuva Fr. All.

The success of seed production and marketing depends on ideal conditions for storage. Some forest species have seed conservation problems due to the high incidence of fungi that reduce physiological quality. Thus, the objective was to evaluate the effectiveness of the application of bioactive compounds in diaspores of Astronium urundeuva (M.Allemão) Engl. (Anacardiaceae) to maintain physiological quality and reduce the incidence of fungi during storage. For this, two factorial trials were set up: (i) application of four essential oils (cinnamon, clove, orange and melaleuca) at five concentrations (0.00, 1.25, 2.50, 3.75 and 5.0 mL.kg-1); and (ii) five plant extracts (clove, cinnamon, quina, garlic and lemongrass) at five concentrations (0%, 25%, 50%, 75% and 100%). Diaspores were evaluated at 0, 30, 60, 90, 120, 150 and 180 days for germination, seed vigor and fungal incidence. The essential oils of clove (4.6 mL.kg-1) and melaleuca (3.7 mL.kg-1) and plant extracts of clove (71%) and lemongrass (73%) can be applied to maintain physiological quality and reduce the incidence of fungi during the storage of A. urundeuva diaspores. In addition to these, the essential oils of cinnamon (3.8 mL.kg-1) and orange (4.0 mL.kg-1) and plant extracts of cinnamon (72%) and quina (74%) can be used as an alternative to synthetic fungicide. Therefore, the application of products based on natural bioactive compounds is an alternative to the use of chemicals in sanitary control during the storage of A. urundeuva seeds.

INTRODUÇÃOCada vez mais o país adota sistemas de manejo que integram lavoura, pecuária e florestas, pois, representam uma opção de manejo sustentável do solo que pode gerar produtos para comercialização no mercado e de subsistência familiar. Estes sistemas, proporcionam diversidade vegetal e proteção ao solo, pois, seus resíduos servem de alimento aos animais edáficos. Portanto, em sistemas agroflorestais (SAF) a população e a diversidade da fauna do solo tende a aumentar em comparação com sistemas de cultivo mais intensivos e menos diversificados como os agrícolas (BROWN et al., 2009).As pertubações causadas por ações antrópicas podem ser monitoradas por meio dos padrões de mudança na biodiversidade e, algumas espécies de insetos, ou mesmo grupo de espécies, atuam como bioindicadores da degradação ambiental (SANTOS et al.,