Arthropoda permukaan tanah merupakan bagian penting dari suatu ekosistem di dalam tanah yang berperan dalam proses dekomposisi, aerasi dan siklus nutrisi. Tujuan penelitian adalah mengetahui pengaruh pupuk organik asal ampas bungkil mimba dan gulma siam terhadap kelimpahan, keanekaragaman dan komposisi arthropoda permukaan tanah dan hubungannya dengan fase pertumbuhan tanaman pada ekosistem sawah padi hitam. Percobaan dilaksanakan di Cinenggang, Desa Cileles, Kecamatan Jatinangor, Kabupaten Sumedang sejak bulan April – November 2018. Penelitian dilakukan dengan metode eksperimen menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) terdiri dari lima perlakuan yaitu kontrol (tanpa pupuk), pupuk ampas bungkil mimba, kompos gulma siam, pupuk kohe sapi, dan NPK yang diulang sebanyak enam kali. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian diperoleh sembilan famili arthropoda permukaan tanah yang terdiri dari famili Carabidae, Curculionidae, Staphylinidae, Formicidae, Acrididae, Gryllidae, Gryllotalpidae, Nepidae, dan Lycosidae. Pada semua perlakuan, kelimpahan arthropoda permukaan tanah yang mendominasi dari famili (Carabidae, Formicidae) yaitu perlakuan kontrol (117; 31 individu), pupuk ampas bungkil mimba (142; 159 individu), kompos gulma siam (160; 98 individu), pupuk kohe sapi (102; 74 individu) dan pupuk NPK (93; 70 individu). Hasil penelitian juga menunjukkan bahwa perlakuan pupuk ampas bungkil mimba dan kompos gulma siam memperlihatkan kelimpahan karnivor tertinggi, namun tidak berbeda nyata pada herbivor. Keanekaragaman arthropoda permukaan tanah pada semua perlakuan (kontrol, pupuk ampas bungkil mimba, kompos gulma siam, pupuk kohe sapi, pupuk NPK) memiliki nilai indeks keragaman sedang (1,470; 1,310; 1,377; 1,585; 1,638). Selanjutnya, perlakuan ampas bungkil mimba dan kompos gulma siam menunjukkan total arthropoda permukaan tanah tertinggi pada fase vegetatif bila dibandingkan dengan perlakuan pupuk kohe sapi, NPK dan kontrol. Namun pada fase generatif, perlakuan pupuk kohe sapi yang memperlihatkan total arthropoda permukaan tertinggi dibandingkan perlakuan lainnya.
A black rice cultivation study was conducted at Kampung Cinenggang, Cileles Villages, Jatinangor. This research analyzed the effect of organic fertilizer such as siam weed compost and neem cake waste to black rice growth and soil chemicals. The experiment was arranged in randomized block design consisted of five treatments and six replications as follow : neem cake waste , siam weed compost, cow manure, urea were used as the N sources by comparing with no application (control). Overall the result of the study showed that there were no significant differences among treatment in plant growth characters such as plant height and SPAD, except control. In tiller number, the effect of neem cake waste and siam weed compost were significant different if compared with other treatments. Furthermore, the effect of neem cake waste gives a positive effects to soil chemicals which in turn enhanced the growth of black rice. it is recommended that organic fertilizers (neem cake waste and siam weed compost) be utilized instead of chemical fertilizer.
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