Air limbah budidaya udang setelah akhir masa pemeliharaan memiliki kandungan bahan organik total (TOM) yang tinggi sampai 87.74 mg/L. Apabila air limbah tersebut dibuang secara langsung tanpa upaya penurunan atau pengolahan, akan mengganggu ekosistem perairan umum karena tingginya bahan organik tersebut. Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk mengetahui kecepatan penurunan bahan organik pada limbah budidaya tambak. Penelitian dilaksanakan pada bulan Januari 2021. Air sampel limbah tambak diambil dari tambak pada masa akhir pemeliharan (120 hari pemeliharaan). Jenis merek dagang konsorsium bakteri yaitu EM 4 , Bio HS, BIO Prisma, Starbio plus, BIO2000, dan Biolet. Penelitian eksperimen disusun dalam rancangan Acak Lengkap 6 perlakuan dan 4 ulangan. Masing-masing perlakuan diisi 2 liter air limbah ditambah 6 ml konsorsium bakteri yang berbentuy cair. Sedangkan untuk konsorsium bakteri yang padat di tambahakan 1 gram/L. Pengukuran bahan organik total, suhu, pH, oksigen terlarut, salinitas dan karbondioksida dilakukan setiap 24 jam selama 72 jam pengamatan. Hasil penelitian menunjukan selama 72 jam perendaman persen penurunan bahan organik tertinggi pada perlakuan E (BIO 2000) sebesar 95 % (87,74 mg/L menjadi 4,11 mg/L). Persen penurunan terendah pada perlakuan D (Starbio plus) sebesar 83,4% (87,74 mg/L menjadi 14,54 mg/L). Namun, secara umum 6 jenis merek dagang konsorsium bakteri dapat menurunkan bahan organik. Kadar suhu, pH, oksigen terlarut dan salinitas dalam kondisi optimum, sedangkan karbondioksida melebihi ambang batas yang disebabkan oleh tingginya aktivitas perombakan bahan organik oleh bakteri. Kesimpulan yang diperoleh merek dagang konsorsium bakteri BIO2000 paling efektif dalam menurunkan bahan organik selama 72 jam.
Comparison of the length, weight and condition factor of Nila Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) was studied on oligotrophic waters (Wonorejo Reservoir) conducted from July to August 2018 and eutrophic waters (Selorejo Reservoir) on February to March 2019. All of the reservoir are in the East Java, Indonesia. The total sample from Wonorejo Reservoir about 79 fish from 3 times sampling (every two weeks), but the fish Sample from Selorejo Reservoir are 35 from 4 times sampling every week. The Nila Tilapia from Wonorejo Reservoir are 15.3 ± 2.5 cm (length) and 74.6 ± 38.6 grams (weight) but fish from Selorejo are 17.8 ± 2.2 cm average length and 114 ± 35 grams for the weight. The condition factor of Nila Tilapia in both reservoirs was relatively the same, with an average value was 1.01. The Nila Tilapia caught from Selorejo Reservoir (eutrophic) is relatively heavier and bigger than in the Wonorejo Reservoir (oligotrophic) even though the hook size is smaller. Fish from the Selorejo Reservoir (eutrophic) is easier to get food so that the average fish is larger.
Hematological observations of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) were carried out in oligotrophic waters (Wonorejo Reservoir) in July-August 2018 and eutrophic waters (Selorejo Reservoir) in March-April 2021. Both reservoirs are located in East Java, Indonesia. The number of fish samples from the Wonorejo Reservoir was 80 fish, while the sample from the Selorejo Reservoir was 108 fish. Sampling was carried out 3 times every 2 weeks. The erythrocyte, hemoglobin, and hematocrit levels of tilapia from Selorejo Reservoir (eutrophic waters) were lower than those from oligotrophic waters. The condition of low levels of erythrocytes, hemoglobin, and hematocrit indicates that fish are under stress. The leukocytes and micronuclei were higher in fish from eutrophic waters which were thought to be less healthy. The hematology of Nile tilapia from the Wonorejo Reservoir (oligotrophic) was in good condition, while the Nile tilapia from the Selorejo Reservoir (eutrophic) was not in good condition, which was thought to be due to the eutrophic condition of the waters there was an imbalance of physico-chemical water, so that the health of the fish was disturbed
Pengolahan limbah cair sisa budidaya udang di tambak perlu dilakukan sebelum air limbah tersebut masuk ke perairan umum. Dalam proses penurunan bahan organik selalu diperoleh kadar CO2 yang tinggi bahkan melebihi ambang batas untuk perairan umum. Tujuan dari kegiatan ini yaitu untuk mendapatkan kadar bahan organik terendah dan mengetahui kepadatan terbaik dari mikroalga (Chlorella sp.) yang dapat menurunkan kadar CO2 sampai tingkat terendah dengan waktu tercepat. Metode penelitian adalah RAL dengan 6 perlakuan , 2 kontrol dan 3 ulangan. Masing-masing bak perlakuan diisi 4 liter air (sisa Budidaya Udang Vaname selama 118 hari) dan di tambahkan konsorsium bakteri 3 gram/L lalu ditambahkan mikroalga dengan kepadatan 104 sel/ml, 105 sel/ml dan 106 sel/ml. Pengamatan fisika kimia air dan mikroalga dilakukan setiap 6 jam selama 72 jam. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan semua perlakuan mengalami penurunan bahan organik yang nilainya hampir sama dengan kontrol. Kadar karbondioksida mengalami penurunan dari kadar 11,88 mg/ L menjadi 0 mg/L setelah 72 jam. Kadar bahan organik mengalami penurunan dari 39.2 mg/l menjadi 0.2 mg/l setelah 54 jam. Selama penelitian suhu berkisar antara 23 - 26°C, pH 7 - 9, oksigen terlarut 6,0 – 9,3 mg/l, salinitas 10 – 13 mg/l. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa bahan organik dapat menurun sampai dengan 99,7 % setelah 54 jam dan CO2 dapat menurun sampai 100 % setelah 72 jam. Apabila diperlukan penambahan mikroalga untuk membantu menurunkan kadar CO2, maka disarankan menggunakan kepadatan mikroalga 106 sel/ml atau 55.5 ml/L agar tidak terjadi blooming mikroalga di perairan umum.
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