This paper reviews the fourth decade of self-leadership research. Two previous reviews of self-leadership from 2006 and 2010 are summarized, and the paper applies categories from those reviews to examine recent research in the field. This paper also covers new topics and trends in self-leadership research. In previous review articles, new theoretical models for extending self-leadership models were proposed. Therefore, this paper continues that tradition by proposing a new model—the Meta-Performance Model—that offers self-leadership as a skillset for enhancing the individual performance of leaders who seek improvement through professional certification programs. Self-leadership and professional certification programs are often treated as a stand alone topics. However, this paper contends professionals would benefit from combining self-leadership training with other professional improvement programs.

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Dan Pale, the 30-year-old CEO of http://CommunityWeb.com, faced the most important decision of his business career. After more than a year of operation funded by $1.6 million in start-up capital, his Internet company faced mounting financial pressures. Weak cash flow and rapidly increasing debt were immediate threats, while potential legal problems loomed on the horizon. Sitting at his office desk in Seymour, Indiana, on June 8, 2001, Pale pondered whether to sign an agreement with Wall Street Venture Capital that seemed to offer a way out of his dilemma. Starting http://CommunityWeb.comDan Pale had explored the idea of a localized Internet portal for many months before concluding that the concept was technologically feasible. In the fall of 1999 he met three times with Jim Mack, owner of a financial planning firm in Seymour, who agreed to join the venture. Pale and Mack then arranged for the Information and Communication Sciences' Applied Research Institute at Ball State University to conduct further research on the concept. In March 2000, CommunityWeb was incorporated with Jim Mack as CEO and chairman of the board and Dan Pale as president and chief operating officer.

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dimerization energy, 101 kcal/mol. This value may be overestimated by MNDO,B but aggregates of dilithioethane are certainly expected to be much more stable than the monomer. Triplet States of 1,2-DilithioethaneAll bonding orbitals in electron-deficient lithium compounds are not occupied. Thus triplet states are often readily accessible.1° Geometry optimization of the triplet state of the partly bridged structure 1 leads to the symmetrical bridged 2. Triplet 3' was found to be lowest in energy. The well-known1° overestimation of triplet relative to singlet stabilities at the Hartree-Fock level is partly corrected using second-order Mdler-Plesset theory. At UMP2/4-31G//4-31G, triplet 3 is 17 kcal/mol less stable than singlet 1. We thus believe 1,2-dilithioethane to be a ground-state singlet. The MNDO results" agree with this conclusion. Transition Metal AnaloguesThe vast majority of elements in the periodic table are metals. Lithium, the first such element, can be expected to exhibit structural features which should be common to other metals. A remarkable analogy is found between the zirconio-ethylene complex with ZrCC angles of 75.9O (X-ray), and 1, with LiCC angles of 73.3' (4-31G).(30) P. Hofmann and P. Stauffert, submitted for publication. See Abstract: The core binding energies of O3 and OFz have been calculated as the difference between the total Hartree-Fock energies of the hole states (core electron missing) and the neutral ground states. The results are compared with experimental values. The agreement is very good except for the central oxygen of ozone. The trends in binding energies, as they reflect the bonding in the two molecules, are discussed in terms of the u and ?r contributions.Abstracf The absolute configuration of (R)-[2-2Hl]cyclopentanone is established through synthesis using as the key step chiral epoxidation with the Sharpless reagent. Its circular dichroism (CD) spectrum is unusual in that it exhibits a bisignate Cotton effect being negative at 310 and positive at 275 nm. From the interpretation on the variable-temperature CD measurements, the unexpected conclusion is reached that the twist conformation with the deuterium in the quasi-equatorial position is energetically preferred by ca. 10 f 2 cal/mol. Evidently, even at room temperature, the contribution toward the spectrum resulting from the conformational isotope effect is of the same or larger amplitude but opposite sign compared to the difference between the partial octant contributions of an a-quasi-equatorial and a-quasi-axial deuterium substituent.