Background: Chlamydia trachomatis and Neisseria gonorrhoeae are the most prevalent bacterial sexually transmitted diseases in women.Objective:The purpose of this study was to investigate the prevalence of gonorrheal and chlamydial infections and determination of related risk factors in married women with vaginal discharge attending gynecological outpatient department (OPD) in Zanjan in 2013-2014.Materials and Methods: In this cross sectional study, 100 married women aged 18-49 years with vaginal discharge were evaluated for signs and symptoms of gonococcal and chlamydial infections. Then cervical discharge samples and blood samples were collected from each subject for the detection of Nisseria gonorrhea and Chlamydia trachomatis by bacterial culture and serological tests, respectively. Results: The overall prevalence of Chlamydia trachomatis and Nisseria gonorrhoeae were 16% and 4%, respectively. There was no significant relationship between the contraception methods, previous history of vaginal infections, previous history of urinary tract infections, number of coitus per week and self-reported symptoms (itching, burning, abdominal pain) with prevalence of Nisseria gonorrhoeae and Chlamydia trachomatis. Conclusion: According to our results, the prevalence of gonococci infection in Zanjan was remarkable and relatively was higher than other parts of Iran, therefore it is necessary to put emphasis on education and further preventive and therapeutic programs.

10.30699/jambs.28.131.296 Background & Objective: Doulas can ease labor and delivery in a hospital);however, in Iran, few studies have been conducted on this topic because of the cultural and structural boundaries. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the impact of a doula's presence on anxiety and pain in pregnant women during the delivery process. Materials & Methods: This randomized clinical trial was conducted on 80 pregnant women referred to Ayatollah Musavi Hospital (Zanjan, Iran) in 2016. For women in the intervention group, the doula provided emotional and physical support. The mothers' pain severity and anxiety were measured by using a visual analog scale (VAS) and Spielberger questionnaire, respectively. Categorical and continuous variables were compared using chi-square and t tests, respectively. Results: We found that a higher proportion of patients had experienced mild anxiety about entering the postpartum period (47.5% vs 15%) and exiting it (80% vs 40%; P<0.05) compared to the control group. Also, the mean VAS score was significantly higher in the control group at 4-5 cm (86.5±11.39 vs 78.62±14.0; P=0.007) and 7-8 cm of cervical dilatation (99.0±4.41 vs 95.0±8.47; P=0.01) stages. Conclusion: The presence of a trained doula during labor can ease the mental consequences of delivery and decrease women's anxiety and pain during labor.

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