PIDEMIOLOGICAL INVESTIGAtions from the United States and Europe demonstrate that higher intakes of n-3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LCPUFA) from fish and seafood during pregnancy are associated with a reduced risk of depressive symptoms in the postnatal period, 1 as well as improved developmental outcomes in the offspring. 2,3 Of the n-3 LCPUFA, it is hypothesized that docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) may be responsible for the observed associations based on estimates of dietary requirements during pregnancy and the results of experimental animal studies. 4 However, n-3 LCPUFA intervention trials in human pregnancy have reported mixed results and have not been conclusive largely because of methodological limitations. Studies focused on perinatal mood have had open-label designs, small sample sizes, or large attrition, and most did not analyze by intention-to-treat. 5 Similarly, trials focused on the developmental outcomes of the children have made post-See also p 1717 and Patient Page.

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anzctr.org.au Identifier: ACTRN12606000327583.

In preterm infants, greater weight and BMI gain to term were associated with better neurodevelopmental outcomes. After term, greater weight gain was also associated with better outcomes, but increasing weight out of proportion to length did not confer additional benefit.