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The position, shape and size of feline kidneys have been determined by measurement of dissected specimens in the laboratory. However, radiographic examination, or "autopsia in vivo", of normal animals has shown a variation in these parameters when compared with reports in the anatomic literature. Thus, the present investigation was undertaken to find a reliable radiologic method for estimating the range of normal feline renal size. The size of the kidneys determined by survey radiographs of the abdomen can be an important indicator of renal anomalies or diseases in the feline patient.The contours of the renal shadows could not always be satisfactory determined from survey abdominal radiographs. Contrast nephrography was therefore utilized to demonstrate these boundaries in multiple examinations of 30 conditioned domestic, short-haired cats of varying sex, age and weight.Ventre-dorsal and lateral abdominal projections were made 9 and 12 seconds respectively after the rapid manual injection of 50 Ofo sodium diatrizoate (Hypaque-50, Winthrop Laboratories, Div. of Sterling Drug Inc., New York, USA) at the dose rate of 2 mllkg body-weight. Examinations were made with and without closed-system methoxyflurane anesthesia.

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A N D SODIUM HYPOCHLORITE SANITIZERS R. B. B a r r e t t Vice P r e s i d e n t E c o n o m i c L a b o r a t o r y , Inc. St. P a u l , Minnesota Hypochlorite and iodophor g e r m i c i d e s a r e c o m p a r e d with r e g a r d to physical, c h e m i c a l and sanitizing p r o p e r t i e s . The influence of pH on the g e r m i c i d a l c h a r a c t e r i s t i c s a r e evaluated and the t h e o r y of m e c h a ni s m of germicidal. a c t i o n reviewed. Hypochlorite and iodophor a r e c o m p a r e d underi va.riety of u s e conditions of t e m p e r a t u r e c o n c e n t r ation, p r e s e n c e oi iji-ganic m a t t e r , and different m a t e r i a l s of cons truction. The e c o n o m i c s of s a n i t i z i n g with hypochlorite a n d iodophor i s reviewed with va.l-ious d i s p e n s i n g equipment. Halogen compounds have p r o v i d e d t h e food i n d u s t r y with the m a j o r s o u x e s of sanitizing a g e n t s . Chlorine and iodine a r e t h e m o s t notable m e m b e r s of t h i s group. Chlorine i s one of the m o s t widely d i s t r i b u t e d of e l e m e n t s existing in combination with sodium, p o t a s s i u m , c a l c i u m and m a g n e s i u m . T h e disinfecting p r o p e r t i e s w e r e f i r s t u s e d in the e a r l y 19th c e n t u r y f o r hospital w a r d deodorizing and s e w e r a g e t r e a t m e n t . Chlorine c o mpounds f o r sanitizing in o u r m o d e r n food i n d u s t r y take m a n y f o r m s including liquid sodium hypochlorite., c a l c i u m hypochlorite, c h l o r i n a t e d t r i s o d i u m phosphate and c e r t a i n o r g a n i c c h l o r i n e compounds.Published with permission.