Numerous amphiphilic cationic drugs cause generalized phospholipidosis in animals; one of these drugs is the Sandoz compound 200-125, a psychotropic agent. During a 6-month toxicity study in Charles River CD rats, a dramatic increase in foamy macrophages was seen in the lungs. A follow-up experiment was done to study the pathologic basis of these changes including a reversibility phase. Generalized phospholipidosis was induced after 4 weeks of 500 mg/kg/ day of 200-125 by gavage. Characteristic pulmonary lesions consisted of extensive accumulations of large pale foamy macrophages as well as granular eosinophilic extracellular material. lipid analyses of lungs showed marked increases in phospholipids (144%) and cholesterol esters (1 10%) in rats treated with 200-125. Drug metabolism studies employing "C-labeled 200-125 showed an affinity for the drug to concentrate in the lungs and lymphoreticular system (spleen, lymph nodes) a s well as in the adrenals, liver, and kidney. Reversibility of the phospholipidosis was nearly complete 4 weeks after drug withdrawal. The tissue changes were characterized by transmission and scanning electron microscopy. The potential pulmonary toxicity in humans with the amphiphiles is discussed.

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Rats kept on a 23.5·h/day water-deprivation schedule were given 30 min access to four solutions, each on a separate test day, which were comprised of the factorial combination of two temperatures (12" and 31'C) and two NaCl concentrations (150 and 450 mOsm/kg). Food, which was available ad lib , and solution consumption measures were taken. More 31' C 150-mOsm/kg solution, which has the fastest stomach clearance rate of the four, was consumed than of the other three ; short-term and long-term food consumption measures were differentially affected by the solution's temperature and concentration. The hypothesis that cues of preabsorptive satiety originate from stomach distention was supported.

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