Scale structure and dimensions and fiber thickness were measured on a number of fibers repre senting the different fiber types from fleeces of several wild life species, including the Big Horn sheep, and of fibers from the various wool types of domestic and primitive sheep, including the fine-wool, medium-wool, long-wool, and mixed-wool types. The scale index, or relation of scale height to fiber thickness, was studied as a means of identification of fiber types and as a breed characteristic. The relationship between scale structure and dimensions in the various animal textile fibers and the identification of the animals from which the fibers came were studied.

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The 6 inherent fiber properties, tensile strength, fiber length, fiber thickness, contour (major-minor axis), crimp length to depth ratio, and crimp depth were responsible for 31 % of the variations in the compressional-bulk resilience of wool. In the case of maximum load or stiffness, these same 6 inherent fiber properties were responsible for 85% of the variations. In both cases, the most important inherent property was tensile strength. It accounted for 17% of the variations in the compressional-bulk resilience of wool and for 66% of the variations for maximum load or stiffness. Fiber thickness was the least important while the other inherent factors were intermediate, with contour and crimp affecting resilience and fiber length and crimp affecting maximum load or stiffness.Compressional-bulk resilience has a very narrow range of figures in the three wool types studied, while maximum load has over 4 times the range obtained for resilience. Resilience varies within wool types and is lowest in the fine wools and highest in the medium wools, with long wools intermediate. Stiffness or maximum load is highest in fine wools, lowest in long wools, and intermediate in the medium wools. Only 31 % of the variation in compressional bulk resilience of wool can be accounted for by the variation in the 6 fiber characteristics measured.1. Temperature.

Rheological properties of thermosetting glass fiber-filled Dough Molding Compounds (DMC) are useful in understanding the fiber orientation in moldings caused by flow patterns in the mold as well as in assessing the moldability of the material. A rheometer utilizing the squeeze flow between two parallel circular discs was shown to be successful in characterizing the viscous properties of DMC. The viscometric data indicate that addition of glass fibers makes the DMC slurry more viscous and shear thinning and that the extent of these effects increases with the weight fraction of glass fibers. The length-to-diameter ratio of the fibers was found to be an important variable. At the same volume fraction, glass fibers with a larger length-to-diameter ratio make the DMC more viscous and shear thinning.