The article presents identification of problems during the implementation of Lean concept in small and medium-sized enterprises in Poland. Although the Lean methodology is recognized all over the world as one of the best and most effective ways to improve the functioning of enterprises, in Polish conditions exist serious problems with its implementation. Development of small and medium-sized enterprises is regarded as one of the measures of economic growth and a sign of healthy competition. The needs of the economy and the limited resources characterizing this enterprise sector imply the need to adjust its capacities to the requirements of the turbulent environment. In the analysis of problems there were used the results of questionnaire surveys conducted among representatives of the companies participating in the largest Lean conference in Central Europe.

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The concept of clusters constitutes an opportunity for small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) to improve their market position. Its essence is to stimulate the cooperation between these particular entities of economic life, accelerate the processes of innovation, etc.. This paper presents the theoretical bases underlying this concept of network organizations in the modern-day economy, while also examining the various approaches to defining a cluster and describing its models and types. Additionally, there is a detailed description of the problematic issues involved in the management of clusters. In the research section, the management of clusters of SMEs in Poland is analysed through (a) the models by which the clusters function, (b) the role of the coordinator in managing them and (c) their strategy for development. Finally, there is an illustration of the necessity for further research regarding the processes of management in clusters and how they can be improved.

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