Delays to institutionalization were compared between elderly individuals who differed in the amounts ("dosages") of adult day services (ADS) they attended. A Kaplan-Meier survival analysis revealed higher dosages of ADS to be associated with greater delays to institutionalization. Retrospective data from financial and service utilization systems and from the Resident Assessment Instrument for Home Care (RAI-HC) were then used to fit a Cox regression model that was adjusted for potential selection biases. This model also found systematically lower hazards for institutionalization at higher ADS dosages. The ADS effect did not appear to be an artifact of increased utilization of additional home health services. Results suggest a beneficial effect of ADS on delay to institutionalization that cannot be attributed to home support, respite, or case management services.

This paper is seeking to gain an enhanced understanding of influences of employability are having on graduating students preparing to work in their profession. The paper reviews literature that helps to define graduate attributes and graduate employability. It also analyses the contribution by higher education to students being ready for work and what the identified gaps are. A case study review for an annual cross-institutional student forum that aims to make tertiary and higher education graduates more work-ready for professions in communication is presented. A key driver for the development and refinement of this student forum was the anxiety students have expressed when transitioning from a further education institution into the work force.

One of the major assets of Professor Duchacek's scholarly analysis is the careful attention he devotes to psychological and emotional issues that regularly complicate and often resist processes of &dquo;social engineering,&dquo; and go far beyond the mere accumulation of behavioral and quantitative data. In his &dquo;Ten Yardsticks of Federalism&dquo; he offers, for example, a lively discussion of critical disagreements between Western Europeans and Americans on contemporary political issues. Western Europeans, he suggests, often criticize Americans for their impatience with problems that resist immediate and needed solutions.Quoting Henry A. Kissinger, he further notes that &dquo;Americans live in an environment uniquely suited to an engineering approach to policy making; as a result, our society has been characterized by a conviction that any problem will yield if subjected to a sufficient dose of expertise.&dquo;In contrast he then cites a French sociologist, Michel Crozier, who, when addressing an American audience, warned: &dquo;Beware of the temptation-difficult to resistof the arrogance of rationality.&dquo; These emotional disagreements and points of conflict often play a more significant role in the shaping of world political trends than all the legalistic &dquo;yardsticks&dquo; of Federalism or territorialism that are discussed in such length in other chapters.The only possible criticism that could be leveled at this volume is that it attempts to cover too much. Its scope is so broad and some of the geopolitical complexities are so involved, particularly chapters 9 and 10, that it is difficult to visualize this work as a textbook even for our most advanced courses in comparative politics and government. On the other hand, its impressive documentation and enormous survey of the available literature for the past twenty years assure Comparative Federalism a safe place among the most distinguished recent works in modern political science.

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