A high-resolution seismic refraction profile using large open-pit mine blasts as sources has been recorded along a 340-kin profile that crosses the Basin and Range-Middle Rocky Mountains province bou.ndary in northern Utah. Interpretation of these data and existing U.S. Geological Survey refraction lines indicate a crustal thickness of 28 km and an upper mantle P wave velocity of 7.6 km/s in the eastern Basin and Range, increasing to 40 km and 8.0 kin/s, respectively, in the Middle Rocky Mountains. The increase in crustal thickness does not occur at the boundary between physiographic provinces but begins about 40 km east of the Wasatch front. The zone of increase of crustal thickness, beginning east of the Wasatch front, correlates with the eastern limit of late Cenozoic block faulting, a zone of shallow seismicity, the boundary between high and normal heat flow, and an upper mantle conductivity anomaly. A crustal low-velocity layer located between 10 and 15 km in depth is suggested to be continuous from the Basin and Range province into the Middle Rocky Mountains province. Existing data are insufficient to indicate the possible eastern limit of the crustal low-velocity layer. Shear wave velocities for intermediate crustal depths, including the low-velocity layer, are anomalously low. Poisson ratios for the low-velocity layer as high as 0.32 may be interpreted. These ratios suggest that the low-velocity layer is a zone of low rigidity. In 1971 the University of Utah, in cooperation with the University of Wisconsin, conducted a seismic refraction survey to determine crustal structure across the boundary between the Basin and Range and Middle Rocky Mountains provinces (Figure 1). Large quarry blasts in an open-pit mine (Bingham copper mine) southwest of Salt Lake City, Utah, were used as an energy source. These blasts provided an efficient seismic source that allowed recording along a 340-km profile with an average station spacing of 3.5 km. During 7 weeks of recording in June and August, 1971, 98 sites were established on a profile extending northeast from the Bingham copper mine (Figure 1). The profile, termed here the Utah-Wyoming refraction line, begins at the Oquirrh Mountains in the Basin and Range province, crosses into the Middle Rocky Mountains province at the Wasatch front, and ends at the Wind River Mountains. During August and September of 1972 a second refraction line was established extending south from the Bingham copper mine to a distance of 245 km for the purpose of investigating crustal structure parallel to the Basin and Range province-Colorado plateau transition zone (Figure 1). Only the detailed results of the Utah-Wyoming refraction line will be reported here. The Utah-Wyoming refraction line was chosen in order to determine a detailed crustal model, examine evidence for a possible low-velocity layer (LVL) in the upper crust, and in-vestigate the continuity of layer thicknesses and veloclties across the Basin and Range-Middle Rocky Mountains province boundary (Wasatch front). It has been sugge...

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It also includes statistical data from a shxdial experiment designed to test the ad!eqUacy of the correction system and precisely define the experimental error involved. It has particular importance with regard to deoxyribonucleic acid analysis of spermatozoa, made significant by the work of Leuchtenberger and collaborators, am! getieral importance in regard to the quantitative reliability of Feulgen cytophotometry when it is impossible or undesirable to confine all measurements to a single slide. It is the chief pur iost of thu parer to show that the experimental (rror of the method when measurements are made on sperm material stained on different slides on (!ifferent dates can be closely comparable, when the proper svstenn is used, to that obtainable when all measurements are made on th(same slide. MATERIAL AN!) MET!Id)I)5 Experimental material was obtained from the King Ranch and conisisted of samples of setiien from Santa (1ertrudis hulls. most of which were under two years of age and! of unknown fertility. Kitig Ranch personnel ohtaitied the semen rotitinely by electro-ejaculatioti, subjected it t.o a preliminary examination, and shipped it. in a

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This investigation was originally suggested by the research of Leuchtenberger, Schrader, Weir and Gentile ('53) and by subsequent related work (Leuchtenberger and Schrader, '55; Leuchtenberger, Weir, Schrader and Murmanis, '55; Leuchtenberger, Schrader, Hughes-Schrader and Gregory, '56; C. Leuchtenberger, R. Leuchtenberger, Schrader and Weir, '56; Leuchtenberger, I. Musmanis, L. Murmanis, Ito and Weir, '56; and C . Leuchtenberger, Weir, Schrader and R. Leuchtenberger, '56). In their research a deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) analysis was made by the method of microspectrophotometry in the visible region of the spectrum, mainly on semen sperm and testis germ cells of men of known fertility and suspected infertility, and subsequently, to a limited extent, on the semen sperm of bulls. By this cytochemical technique strong presumptive evidence was obtained that the DNA content of the sperm is related to fertility and infertility. Final published conclusions were that there might be three types of DNA deviation in the sperm of infertile men, "persistently low," "persistently high" and "fluctuating" in contrast to a high degree of constancy in the sperm of men of proved fertility. Analysis of testis material confirmed the results obtained from semen sperm. It was concluded that a precise amount of DNA seemed to be necessary for the sperm to fulfill its function of fertilization. Since morphologically abnormal sperm were excluded from analysis, the DNA deviation found was separated from that factor. Also, no evidence was found that the DNA deviation had any relation to sperm count or motility. The independent type of DNA deviation seemed to prevail. On the other hand, it might be that the inclusion of too few samples of poor count and/or motility among the total analyzed might have had a similar effect on finding a correlation between DNA deviation and count and motility as the exclusio~ of morphologically abnormal sperm had on eliminating the DNA deviation associated with abnormal morphology. It is also possible that failure to carry the analysis far enough might be responsible for missing a statistical conclusion blurred by exception and experimental error in too few samples. A third possibility is that non-correlated and correlated DNA deviation might occus in different degrees in different types of material.This type of research is of obvious interest, not only because of the large human implications, but also because of the possible application to animal breeding. At the same time, because of the widespread prevalence of the theory of DNA constancy in the cells of a given species, and, consequently, the belief that it is, at least in part, the hereditary material, the evidence that DNA could vary quantitatively, and vary meaningfully, was of considerable