Abstract. With frequent heavy rainfalls in summer in Poland and fast-melting snow in spring leading to flooding of sewage systems (due to excessive filling levels in water receivers or difficulties with temporary retention of the excess stormwater), a variety of systems are being developed to facilitate transfer of the stormwater to water receivers. Outflow of the excess stormwater is usually ensured by the use of gravitational outflow collectors that connect stormwater drains with waterways. The transfer occurs during intensive precipitation, when the excess wastewater overflows through stormwater drains and is transferred directly to water receivers in order to relieve wastewater treatment plants or to minimize diameters of sewers. These systems are useful wherever the filling levels in waterways are not very high or the sewerage system is located relatively high with respect to the water receiver i.e. outflow collector is located on a steep slope. In such cases, the stormwater that flows through a waterway cannot be returned to the outflow collector. If the gravitational flow is impossible e.g. due to the excessive filling level of water receiver, stormwater can be transferred by means of a variety of modern solutions, such as retention and transfer reservoirs. These reservoirs are supposed to ensure partial retention of the excess stormwater and transfer of this water to water receivers, either gravitationally or forced mechanically, depending on the filling level in the waterway. Furthermore, these reservoirs prevent wastewater from being returned to the system during suddenly rising levels. One of the solutions is offered by the reservoir presented in this paper. The transfer reservoir for the stormwater presented in this paper might be successfully used in modernization of current sewage systems, ensuring the reliability of operation and a more effective wastewater transfer than the systems used to date. All the reservoirs of this type are characterized by similar design and function and guarantee that the wastewater might be transferred regardless of the conditions in the water receiver. An essential feature of these reservoirs is the use of the effective method to control suction and pumping units.

With frequent heavy rainfalls in summer in Poland and fast-melting snow in spring leading to flooding of sewage systems (due to excessive filling levels in water receivers or difficulties with temporary retention of the excess stormwater), a variety of systems are being developed to facilitate transfer of the stormwater to water receivers. Outflow of the excess stormwater is usually ensured by the use of gravitational outflow collectors that connect stormwater drains with waterways. The transfer occurs during intensive precipitation, when the excess wastewater overflows through stormwater drains and is transferred directly to water receivers in order to relieve wastewater treatment plants or to minimize diameters of sewers. These systems are useful wherever the filling levels in waterways are not very high or the sewerage system is located relatively high with respect to the water receiver i.e. outflow collector is located on a steep slope. In such cases, the stormwater that flows through a waterway cannot be returned to the outflow collector. If the gravitational flow is impossible due to e.g. the excessive filling level of water receiver, stormwater can be transferred by means of a variety of modern solutions, such as retention and transfer reservoirs. These reservoirs are supposed to ensure partial retention of the excess stormwater and transfer of this water to water receivers, either gravitationally or forced mechanically, depending on the filling level in the waterway. The transfer reservoirs for the stormwater presented in this paper might be successfully used in modernization of current sewage systems, ensuring the reliability of operation and a more effective wastewater transfer than the systems used to date. All the reservoirs of this type are characterized by similar design and function and guarantee that the wastewater might be transferred regardless of the conditions in the water receiver.

No abstract

This paper presents new achievements in the field of designing the gravitation and gravitation-underpressure chamber for bottom flushing in the detention chamber immediately after its emptying from the accumulated sewage. Temporary accumulation of the sewage in the detention chamber of the reservoir causes partial sedimentation of the solids suspended in the liquid. The location of the flushing chamber at the maximal level of filling with sewage in the retention chamber substantially improves the effectiveness of flushing of the bottom of the retention chamber with the stream of sewage that is discharged from the flushing chamber. An opportunity for effective flushing of the sludge that remains on the bottom of a detention chamber represents an important operation which is essential for reliable functioning of retention reservoirs within sewerage systems.

Intensywne opady deszczu, a także szybkie topnienie śniegu, powodują często podtapianie terenów chronionych i przepełnianie istniejących sieci kanalizacyjnych. Sytuacje takie są uciążliwe dla mieszkańców, a także powodują znaczne straty materialne. Jednym z możliwych rozwiązań technicznych zapewniającym niezawodny odpływ ścieków do odbiornika jest przedstawiony w artykule zbiornik retencyjno-przerzutowy. Zbiornik ten ma za zadanie gromadzić odpowiednią ilość ścieków, a następnie przerzucić je do odbiorników wodnych, w przypadku, gdy nie możliwy jest ich odpływ grawitacyjny. Natomiast grawitacyjne odprowadzanie ścieków do odbiornika realizowane jest przez ich tranzytowy przepływ przez komory zbiornika.