Psychological writing, both theoretical and empirical, is assumed to exist free of the social dynamics of the psychologist who produced it. If anything like social power or control is contained within psychological writings, it is presumed to be an acknowledged feature of the experimental design or a manipulated attribute of the subject-participants. However, close analysis of these writings reveals a rarely acknowledged yet elaborate system of power relations. In the present study, discourses of power and empowerment are defined and compared in two different forms of psychological writing. The first form stresses the perspective of the observer, employs the male gaze, is relatively unreflexive, embraces the experimental method and attempts to centralize knowledge among a few while marginalizing a mass of unknowing others. The second form is grounded in women's attempts to voice their own and other women's concerns. It is watchful of men, advocates a decentralization of power, and tries to achieve understanding through dialogue.

C. G. Jung (1971) and H. J. Eyscnck (1973) developed their concepts of extraversion-introversion from radically different theoretical orientations. The extraversion-introversion correlation of the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator (MBTT; Myers, 1962) with the Eyscnck Personality Questionnaire (EPQ; Eysenck & Eyscnck, 1968; Kysenck, Eysenck, & Shaw, 1974) is investigated here. The MBTI is a self-report forcedchoice inventory derived from Jungian type theory, it has four scales that can be scored in a continuous bipolar manner (Extra version-Introversion; Thinking-Feeling; Sensation-Intuition; and Judgment-Perception). The unpublished EPQ, which is based on the Eysenck Personality Inventory, is a true-false self-report inventory with four scales (Extraversion; Neuroticism; Psychoticism; and Lie) derived from factor-analytic studies.Eysenck (J973) has been critical of the Jungian typology and the subjectivity of Jung's formulation. It is hypothesized here, however, that given the methods and content similarity of the EPQ and the MBTI, the Extra version-Introversion scales of the inventories will be significantly positively correlated.Subjects were 93 paid volunteer undergraduates (54 females, 39 males), 18-22 years old, with a mean age of 19.7 years. The EPQ was given first, followed by the MBTI (Form F). Subjects were retested 1 week later with the same instruments given in the same order.On both inventories scale means and standard deviations for males and females were not significantly different from those of normative groups. Since the male and female correlation matrices showed no significant differences, the correlations in Table 1 arc based on both sexes combined. This table presents 1 week test-retest reliabilities and the correlations from the first administration of the EPQ and MBTI scales.Reliabilities are consonant with those previously reported for both tests. The MBTI Extra-

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Considerable work in social psychology has explained social phenomena in terms of individual mental processes, and researchers more recently have suggested that many of these intrapsychic processes transpired beyond the awareness of individual subjects. Through these extensive research programs the social recedes and the individual constitutes the locus of psychological activity; such studies thus affirm individual centered ideologies and policies while obscuring social processes and structures. The paradigm of implicit social cognition entails an example of how features of the social world are reconfigured and interpreted as psychological events of individuals. Critical reading of this paradigm both elucidates the technical, rhetorical and theoretical routines through which this relocation is made and shows how that empirical research actually demonstrates the social unconscious. Reappraisal of implicit social cognition research with its demonstrations of dynamic social processes affords supportive evidence for extant feminist studies of the unconscious social gender biases structuring cultural beliefs and practices.

Introduction: There is a dearth of evidence evaluating postlicensure high-stakes physician competency assessment programs. Our purpose was to contribute to this evidence by evaluating a high-stakes assessment for assessor inter-rater reliability and the relationship between performance on individual assessment components and overall performance. We did so to determine if the assessment tools identify specific competency needs of the assessed physicians and contribute to our understanding of physician dyscompetence more broadly. Method: Four assessors independently reviewed 102 video-recorded assessments and scored physicians on seven assessment components and overall performance. Inter-rater reliability was measured using intraclass correlation coefficients using a multiple rater, consistency, two-way random effect model. Analysis of variance with least-significant difference post-hoc analyses examined if the mean component scores differed significantly by quartile ranges of overall performance. Linear regression analysis determined the extent to which each component score was associated with overall performance. Results: Intraclass correlation coefficients ranged between 0.756 and 0.876 for all components scored and was highest for overall performance. Regression indicated that individual component scores were positively associated with overall performance. Levels of variation in component scores were significantly different across quartile ranges with higher variability in poorer performers. Discussion: High-stake assessments can be conducted reliably and identify performance gaps of potentially dyscompetent physicians. Physicians who performed well tended to do so in all aspects evaluated, whereas those who performed poorly demonstrated areas of strength and weakness. Understanding that dyscompetence rarely means a complete or catastrophic lapse competence is vital to understanding how educational needs change through a physician's career.