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The term ‘beneficiary’ used for the purposes of spending the EU aid funds was introduced into the Polish legal system before Poland became member of the European Union. Initially, the national legislator used this term only in the domestic regulations on the basis of which public funds were transferred. Over time, the legislator also introduced the definition of the beneficiary to national regulations adapted to the needs of the cohesion policy. It can be observed that the legislator, while initially providing own definitions of the beneficiary, recently has only referred to particular provisions of the directly applicable EU regulations. Obviously, national authorities must operate in an integrated legal system, in which there are many sources of binding law that define ‘beneficiaries of funds allocated to the implementation of the cohesion policy’. In this context, one can speak of the Europeanisation of national law with regard to the implemented policy.

Ustanawiając okres vacatio legis prawodawca powinien wziąć pod uwagę całokształt okoliczności towarzyszących wejściu w życie aktu prawnego. Do tej pory pomijano ogólną liczbę aktów prawnych wchodzących w życie w tym samym czasie. Celem badania było określenie, czy istnieją istotne statystycznie różnice w liczbie ustaw i rozporządzeń wchodzących w życie w poszczególnych miesiącach na przestrzeni lat 1992–2018. Istnienie różnic potwierdzono analizą zebranych danych. Autorzy postulują bardziej równomierne rozłożenie zmian w prawie na wszystkie miesiące roku. Przeciwny wypadek może – zdaniem autorów – oznaczać to naruszenie zasady odpowiedniej vacatio legis oraz będącej jej podstawą zasady zaufania jednostki do państwa i stanowionego przez nie prawa.   When establishing the vacatio legis period, the legislator should take into account all the circumstances surrounding the entry into force of a legal act. An issue so far overlooked is the total number of legal acts coming into force at the same time. The aim of the study was to determine if there are statistically significant differences in the number of acts and regulations coming into force in individual months over the years 1992–2018. Those have been confirmed for various times of the year. The authors suggest a more even distribution of changes is needed for almost all months of the year. Otherwise, according to the authors, this may mean a violation of the principle of adequate vacatio legis and the principle of the individual’s trust in the state and the law underpinning it.

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