Implementing continuous quality improvement (CQI) in acute care general hospitals was investigated as an occurrence of a paradigm shift and organisational learning. Presented within a contextual framework, two case studies are reported, and are complemented by a survey of hospitals operating in Ontario, Canada. The findings support a top-down approach where the CEO exhibits transformational leadership and aligns the organisation's strategy, structure, and culture to CQI. The conflicting stakeholder goals of quality of care and cost savings are harmonized. Organisational members undergo both a cognitive and behavioural adjustment centred on teamwork, facilitated by training and education. Teamwork and involvement of physicians remain long-term challenges.

Seven driving attitude scales representing driving behaviors and beliefs about driving were created and initially validated using 257 undergraduate students (168 females, 89 males) in Study 1. However, the Speeding Attitude Scale (SAS) accounted for most of the strength of the intercorrelations among these scales and discriminant classification analyses showed that SAS dominated the other scales as a sufficient explanation for having speeding tickets. Study 2, using 180 students (75 males, 105 females), replicated findings regarding the significant but low correlation between SAS and speeding tickets, and was significantly correlated with Zuckerman's Sensation Seeking Scale (SSS). Replication also showed that males had higher SAS scores and more speeding tickets. Accidents were typically a function of sex, increasing age, and variables related to recent accident history. Objective sources of speeding attitude confirmation may enhance the future validity of the SAS. Potential interventions for being a safe passenger and attitudinal control in the training of young drivers were discussed.

Statistical analyses (tests of probability) of judges' scores for various segments of Olympic skating performances in 1984 and 1988 indicate the presence of national bias. Judges rate skaters of their own nationality above the average of the remaining judges. They tend to give skaters of their own nationality the maximum score (among the judges), and their over-all rank for these skaters tends to be higher than the skaters' final Olympic standings. The authors suggest the possible use of trimmed means as one method of minimizing the effects of such bias.

Lyrics from 155 songs written by the Lennon-McCartney team were scored using the Dictionary of Affect in Language. Resultant scores (pleasantness, activation, and imagery of words) were compared across key signatures using one way analyses of variance. Words from songs written in minor keys were less pleasant and less active than those from songs written in major keys. Words from songs written in the key of F scored extremely low on all three measures. Lyrics from the keys of C, D, and G were relatively active in tone. Results from Dictionary scoring were compared with assignments of character to keys made more than one century ago and with current musicians' opinions.

This is a report based on a survey that was conducted in the Regional Municipality of Sudbury, Ontario Canada, which includes a medium‐size city and its surrounding towns. The citizenry was surveyed on a variety of issues including perceptions of safety and satisfaction with police services. Overall satisfaction, using regression analysis, was predicted by policing variables such as service delivery, handling problem situations, and interpersonal skills. Night walking safety, using discriminant analysis, was dependent on personal factors such as gender, home ownership, location, employment, age, visibility (of police), and policing variables such as handling of problems, how serious problems were in the neighborhood. A profile of the unsafe walker at night is presented. Implications for program planning and delivery are discussed.