Islet transplantation represents a feasible therapeutic option for patients with T1DM bearing a stable kidney allograft. Insulin independence at 1 year is lower than what reported in islet transplant alone. Nevertheless, clear benefits in terms of optimal metabolic control and absence of severe hypoglycemia are invariably present.

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Interpretation: The study suggests an increase in the incidence of pediatric T1D in Lombardy throughout the past five years. Pandemic waves may have affected the clinical presentation at onset.