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A b s t r a c tBackground: Drowning is a common issue at many pools and beaches, and in seas all over the world. Lifeguards often act as bystanders, and therefore adequate training in high-quality cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) and use of adequate equipment by lifeguards is essential. Aim:The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of the recently introduced CPRMeter (Laerdal, Stavanger, Norway) on quality of CPR, if used by moderately experienced CPR providers. In particular, we tested the hypothesis that using the CPRMeter improves quality of chest compression by lifeguards compared to standard non-feedback CPR. Methods:The study was designed as prospective, randomised, cross-over manikin trial. Fifty lifeguards of the Volunteer Water Rescue Service (WOPR), a Polish nationwide association specialised in water rescue, participated in this study. Participants were randomly assigned 1:1 to one of two groups: a feedback group and a non-feedback group. Participants swim a distance of 25 m in the pool, and then they were asked to haul a manikin for the second 25 m, simulating rescuing a drowning victim. Once participants finished the second 25-m distance, participants were asked to initiate 2-min basic life support according to the randomisation. Results:The median quality of CPR score for the 2-min CPR session without feedback was 69 (33-77) compared to 84 (55-93) in the feedback group (p < 0.001). Compression score, mean depth, rate of adequate chest compressions/min, and overall mean rate during the CPR session improved significantly in the feedback group, compared to the non-feedback group. Conclusions:Using the visual real-time feedback device significantly improved quality of CPR in our relatively unexperienced CPR providers. Better quality of bystander CPR is essential for clinical outcomes, and therefore feedback devices should be considered. Further clinical studies are needed to assess the effect of real-time visual devices, especially in bystander-CPR.

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La prensa suele recoger los casos más graves de accidentes de futbolistas conocidos porque impresionan y nos hacen reflexionar. Pero en categorías no profesionales también ocurren multitud de accidentes, algunos con resultado de muerte, de los que sólo tienen noticias las personas más allegadas a la víctima. El fútbol, deporte que practican alrededor de doscientos millones de personas en todo el mundo, es uno de los que mayor porcentaje de lesiones presenta, debido a sus características y requerimientos, a las diversas superficies de juego y a la gran cantidad de practicantes. En los equipos profesionales ya existe dentro del cuerpo técnico la figura del médico, pero miles de clubes no pueden disponer de él. Aquí se informa de los tipos de lesiones (óseas, musculares y tendinosas) y las intervenciones, primeras y urgentes, que deberían realizarse para solucionar el problema o, al menos, no agravarlo. Así mismo, se explica el concepto de «cadena de supervivencia» y como se debe activar, para hacer frente a otros tipos de accidentes (traumatismo cráneo-encefálicos, desmayos, atragantamientos o «muerte súbita») menos específicos del fútbol, pero de consecuencias más graves.Abstract: Mass media used to talk about the most serious accidents with famous football players because they affect and make us to meditate. But innon professional categories lots of accidents occur too, some of them with death result, which only the relatives know. Football, sport that is practicedby around two hundred million persons worldwide, is one of the highest percentage of injuries presents due to its caractheristics and requeriements, thedifferent playground surfaces and the great amount of players around the world. In the professional teams there is already the role of the doctor insidethe thecnical corps, but thousands of clubes can not afford. In this article it is informed about the kind of injuries (osseous, muscular and tendinous) andthe intervention, first and urgent, that should be done to solve the problem or, at least, to avoid make it more serious. Beside, it is explained the «chainof survival» and how it must be activated, to face another kind of accidentes (cranium traumatism, swoon, choke or «sudden death») less specific infootball but more dangerous.

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