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a b s t r a c tThis paper presents the first findings of an ongoing multi-national research project between universities in Brazil, Chile and the UK funded by the UK Economic and Social Science Research Council (ESRC) and the Department for International Development (DFID). The Choices project seeks to analyse contextual understandings and practices of ethical consumption in Chile and Brazil. In a further step, it explores how ethical consumption and public procurement can be associated and used to foster sustainable development. The paper presents the outcomes of the first stage of the project, an extensive literature review considering the developing trends towards "ethical", "sustainable", "responsible" and "conscious" consumption in both countries. Chile and Brazil are former developing countries, and although they both now have growing ethical consumption movements, we argue that these are shaped by the specificities of each country's political, economic and institutional trajectories. In one case, Chile, ethical consumption has arisen from market forces, with lead actors being companies, consultancies and citizen and consumer organizations. Brazil, on the other hand, provides also a very interesting case for studying how ethical consumption is embedded in another Latin American context: it has a larger state sector and a domestic market size to give the state, and thus the consecutive centre-left governments, great regulatory power, since it can control firms' access to this market. Both cases showed the increasing role of corporate social responsibility discourses and practices interfacing with concepts of ethical consumption. As a consequence, the paper identifies a risk of firstly, "greenwash" and "whitewash" by large companies and secondly, of having small producers struggling to market their products.

ABSTRACT. Social innovation is gaining attention for its potential for system transformations. It is often initiated by grassroots collectives, which can become successful through support from other actors and through certain game-changing events or developments. We highlight how transformative social innovation is a highly dispersed, coproduced process of changing social relations. This coproduction is unfolded through a case of interacting interventions in the socio-spatial structure of the city of Rio de Janeiro. Frequently referred to as a "broken city," the city suffers from various social challenges related to the socio-spatial cleavages between the welldeveloped and the marginalized areas, the favelas. Following a nested-case approach, we describe two policy measures and three social innovation initiatives intended to reconnect the broken city. We analyze their effects as well as their various interactions. The findings give reasons for considering the policy measures as "game-changers" that allow new courses of play. Still, the key observation about these intertwined socio-spatial interventions is that the broken city is undergoing more dispersed game-changing. Further observing how the reconnections constitute different kinds of changing mobility, we conclude with reflections on mobility-related game-changing.

Much of this research, however, has focused mainly on exploring ethical and sustainable consumption discourses and practices in European and North American countries, leaving questions of how ethical consumption is interpreted and practiced in other parts of the world comparatively underexplored. Furthermore, countries in the so-called global South, where they are featured at all, are often seen as "backward" or "catching up" with practices in the global North. Ethical consumption in the global South is often portrayed through what might be described as a "deficit model" 1 : a discourse that defines ethical consumption discourse and practices from the global North (mainly US-UK) as the standard and then seeing how well (or not) people from other contexts measure up to that level (and then often bemoan the deficit in between). This is ironic given that by most measures, current lifestyles in the global North are far less sustainable than the global South. For instance, the per capita Co2 1 Our thanks to Dorothea Kleine for summarising our joint thinking in this term.

This article explores the reality of entrepreneurship in the favela of Rocinha, Rio de Janeiro. It contrasts the prescriptions of federal and state training programs and support policies for entrepreneurship with the reality of the practice of entrepreneurial activities in Rocinha. It shows that the logic of effectuation can explain microentrepreneurial trajectories in favelas, expanding its original reach from expert entrepreneurs in large firms. It also exposes the severe shortcomings in the training programs and support policies of the Serviço Brasileiro de Apoio às Micro e Pequenas Empresas (SEBRAE). It points to the urgency of reform of the very foundation of entrepreneurship policies in favelas.O artigo explora a realidade do empreendedorismo na favela da Rocinha, Rio de Janeiro. Ele contrasta as prescrições dos programas e políticas de apoio ao empreendedorismo do governo federal e estadual com a realidade da prática das atividades de empreendedorismo na Rocinha. O artigo mostra que a lógica da efeituação, ou effectuation, pode explicar as trajetórias dos microempreendedores nas favelas, expandindo sua abrangência original desde empreendedores experientes em grandes firmas. O artigo também expõe severas limitações nos programas de treinamento e políticas de apoio do Serviço Brasileiro de Apoio aos Micro e Pequenos Negócios (SEBRAE). O texto aponta para a urgência na reforma das fundações das políticas para empreendedorismo em favelas.