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Background: Median survival age in cystic fibrosis (CF) has increased in developed countries. Scarce literature exists about survival in Latin America, especially in Mexico. The aim of our study was to assess the median age of survival in CF patients and the impact of risk factors in Mexico over a 20-year period. Methods: We conducted a retrospective study with all patients registered and followed in the CF Center in Monterrey, Mexico from 2000 to 2020. Median survival age was the primary outcome, assessed with Kaplan-Meier analysis. The influence of clinical, biological, and demographic factors on survival was analyzed with Cox regression model. Results: Two-hundred five patients were included. Median survival for the cohort was 21.37 years (95% confidence interval [CI], 17.20-25.55). In the multivariate Cox regression model, low socioeconomic status (hazard ratio [HR], 4.21; 95% CI, 2.43-7.27), chronic Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection at 6 years (HR, 10.45; 95% CI, 5.66-19.28), and pancreatic insufficiency (HR, 3.13; 1.38-7.13) were independent risk factors for mortality. Conclusion:Median survival in Mexican patients with CF is lower than in highincome countries, and socioeconomic status plays a conspicuous role in the disparity. To increase patient survival for those residing in low-middle income countries, public health authorities must design policies that fully cover diagnosis and treatment strategies for the CF population.disparities, low-income countries, median survival age | INTRODUCTIONCystic fibrosis (CF) is a hereditary disease, transmitted in an autosomal recessive manner; its prevalence varies by country, according to ethnic composition. In Mexico, its prevalence is estimated to be approximately 1:8500 to 1:10,000 in live newborns. 1 Survival of those with CF has improved markedly in developed countries, due to early diagnosis, multidisciplinary care, aggressive nutritional supplementation, novel inhaled treatments, eradication of Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and lung transplantation. 2 Despite advances, there is a great deal of variability in disease progression, severity, and survival in different countries and geographic settings. 3,4 There are several factors related to survival, such as the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) genotype, 5 initial presentation of the disease, 6 nutritional status, 7 sputum bacteriology, 8,9 diabetes, 10-12 socioeconomic status (SES), 13

BackgroundPredicting mortality in the intensive care unit (ICU) is one of the biggest challenges in critical care medicine. Several studies have linked the presence of eosinopenia with adverse outcomes in different populations.MethodsWe performed a case control study to determine whether the eosinophil count at ICU admission was a predictor of hospital mortality. We included data from patients 18 years or older admitted to the medical or surgical ICU in a university hospital in northern of Mexico. Medical records of 86 non-survivors (cases) and 99 discharged alive patients (controls) were randomly reviewed; clinical records of patients with an ICU stay of less than 24 h and those whose information was incomplete were excluded.ResultsMedian of eosinophil count at ICU admission was 0.013 (interquartile range (IQR) 0.00 to 0.57) K/μL. There was no significant statistical difference in eosinophils at admission between survivors and non-survivors (0.014 [IQR 0.00 to 0.36] vs. 0.010 [IQR 0.00 to 0.57] K/μL, P = 0.35). In the multivariate analysis, APACHE II score at ICU admission and discharge were the only mortality predictors. Survivors had a significantly greater increase in eosinophil count during the first 7 days of ICU stay (0.104 [IQR −0.64 to 0.41] vs. 0.005 [IQR −1.79 to 0.43] K/μL, P = 0.004).ConclusionsIn our study, eosinophil count at ICU admission was not associated with increased hospital mortality. The larger increase in number of eosinophils observed during the first week of ICU stay in surviving patients deserves to be investigated further.