Sequelae due to testicular biopsy such as hemorrhage, adhesion and fibrosis may be limiting factors to the use of this surgical procedure. Fibrin glue (FG) derived from snake venom was used to minimize these sequelae, as well as to evaluate its healing property in tunica vaginalis and scrotal skin of rams. Applicability of fibrin glue derived from snake venom was tested in different tissues of other animals such as in sciatic nerve and colon of rats and skin of rabbits. In the present study, 30 healthy adult rams were used. They were divided into 3 groups of 10 animals each as follows: G1: fibrin glue group (application of fibrin glue on puncture sites and skin incisions after bilateral testicular biopsy with a Tru-Cut needle); G2: swab/nylon group (hemostasis by compression with a swab on puncture sites and skin suturing with nylon after biopsy) and G3: control group (the animals were not subjected either to biopsy or to surgery). On the 20 day after biopsy, the presence of adhesion strands between the sites of skin incision and testicle was evaluated by palpation. Adhesion strands were found in three testicles (15%) in G1 and in two testicles (10%) in G2. One hundred days after biopsy, orchiectomy was carried out and the material collected was assessed for subcutaneous (SC) and/or tunica vaginalis adhesions. G3 did not present any abnormality. Groups G1 and G2 presented four testicles each (20%) with adhesion between the tunics at biopsy site. On the other hand, subcutaneous adhesions were found once (5%) in G1 and three times (15%) in G2. Fibrin glue showed to be of easy application, required short postoperative monitoring, presented fast and good-quality healing property and tended to reduce formation of subcutaneous adhesion

RESUMOEm bovinos, os procedimentos invasivos ovarianos transvaginais, empregados com finalidades diagnósticas, biotecnológicas ou experimentais, mesmo sendo práticas consolidadas, podem apresentar complicações posteriores. Este relato tem como objetivo apresentar complicações observadas em três fêmeas bovinas da raça Holandesa submetidas à biópsia de corpo lúteo (CL) pela técnica transvaginal guiada por ultrassonografia, empregando-se agulha Tru-cut (18G x 48 cm). No segundo dia após o procedimento, os animais começaram a apresentar sinais característicos de peritonite, como leucocitose, neutrofilia, hiperfibrinogenemia, acúmulo de fluido intra-abdominal e aderências do útero e ovários às vísceras circunvizinhas. Como o prognóstico desta afecção é ruim ou reservado, as vacas foram eutanasiadas e necropsiadas. Os principais achados post mortem foram: hidroperitôneo, peritonite fibrinosa difusa, ooforite fibrinosa associada a múltiplos cistos ovarianos, acúmulo de líquido seroso/purulento abundante no útero e múltiplos cistos aderidos à serosa intestinal, além de aderências intestinais ao ovário. Como o grau de comprometimento peritoneal era decrescente e pelo fato dos animais acometidos terem sido submetidos à biópsia de CL sequencialmente no mesmo dia, com a mesma agulha, suspeitou-se que no primeiro animal pode ter ocorrido o acidente primário que resultou na contaminação fecal da agulha, sendo disseminada para os demais animais. Os achados do presente relato demonstram o risco de ocorrência de complicações após procedimentos invasivos de fundo vaginal com o emprego de agulhas e sinalizam a importância dos cuidados de higiene, da troca da agulha e a necessidade de experiência do operador para a realização segura da técnica.

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The corpus luteum is a temporary organ that is responsible for progesterone (P4) secretion and is essential for the establishment and maintenance of pregnancy in cattle. Concanavalin A (CONA) is a lectin that was originally extracted from the Jack bean (Canavalia ensiformis) and that interacts with several kinds of cells, including immune cells and luteal cells. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effects of CONA on the P4 production by bovine steroidogenic luteal cells (LC) in vitro. Luteal cells were collected during the mid-luteal stage (at 10–12 days following ovulation) and processed in the laboratory. Luteal cells were grown for 7 days in a humid atmosphere with 5% CO2, with or without 10% fetal bovine serum (FBS), and were subjected to the following treatments: control: no treatment; CONA (10 μg mL−1); LH (100 μg mL−1); CONA+LH; LH (100 μg mL−1) + prostaglandin F2α (PGF2α; 10 ng mL−1); CONA+LH+PGF2α. Samples of the culture media were collected on Day 1 and Day 7 for P4 quantification. The cells were counted on Day 7 of culture. Differences between treatments were considered statistically significant at P < 0.05. The P4 concentration in the culture media was numerically greater on Day 1 (558.0 ng mL−1) than on Day 7 (25.4 ng mL−1). The P4 concentration in the culture media was numerically greater for treatments with 10% FBS than for the FBS-free treatments, and the presence of CONA decreased LC P4-secreting capacity. This effect required more than 24 h of exposure to CONA to be fully manifested. On Day 1 of culture, CONA had no effect on P4 production of LC cultured in serum-free medium (P > 0.05).The suppressive action of CONA was more pronounced for cultures without FBS. By Day 7 of culture, the effects of CONA on P4 production were readily apparent. In the absence of serum, CONA had a highly significant (P < 0.01) inhibitory effect on basal progesterone production, as well as in the presence of LH or LH + PGF. In the presence of FBS, there was a tendency for decreased P4 in response to CONA in the LH- and the LH + PGF-treated cells (P = 0.090 and 0.085, respectively). The number of the cells present on Day 7 was not affected by the treatments tested (P > 0.05). More studies are required to better understand the effect of CONA on the P4 production of bovine LC. Financial support from FAPESP is acknowledged: grant no. 2013/00992–3, grant no. 2013/07439–8, and grant no. 2015/01940–2.