Resumo: Estudos realizados com feijão-caupi, Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp., têm mostrado que é possível obter genótipos estáveis com adaptação ampla e bons níveis de produtividade, principalmente com o uso de irrigação. Neste trabalho, objetivou-se avaliar o desempenho de genótipos de feijão-caupi em cultivo irrigado e de sequeiro. O delineamento experimental foi em blocos casualizados, com 20 tratamentos e quatro repetições, sendo cada unidade experimental constituída por uma parcela de quatro linhas de 5 m espaçadas de 0,80 m. Avaliou-se comprimento, largura e número de grãos por vagem, massa de cem grãos e produtividade de grãos secos. Nos sistemas de cultivo irrigado e de sequeiro, as cultivares e linhagens apresentaram respostas diferenciadas com relação à produtividade de grãos secos. As linhagens MNC02-701F-2 e MNC02-676F-1 foram as mais produtivas no sistema de cultivo irrigado, e as linhagens MNC03-736F-2 e MNC02-675F-9-5 no sistema de sequeiro. As linhagens MNC02-675F-9-5 e MNC03-736F-2 e as cultivares BRS Xiquexique e BRS Gurguéia apresentaram produtividades semelhantes quando cultivadas em regime irrigado e de sequeiro. A interação no desempenho de genótipo de feijão-caupi em sistemas distintos (irrigado e sequeiro) sugere forte influência de fatores ambientais sobre os componentes de produção avaliados, tornando-os dependentes de variações ambientais e de manejo. Palavras-chave: Produtividade de grãos. Interação. Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.Abstract: Studies with the cowpea, Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp., have shown that it is possible to obtain stable genotypes of wide adaptation and with good levels of productivity, mainly through the use of irrigation. The aim of this study was to evaluate the performance of cowpea genotypes under irrigated and rainfed cultivation. The experimental design was of randomised blocks with 20 treatments and four replications, each experimental unit comprising a plot of four 5 m rows spaced 0.80 m apart. The length, width and number of grains per pod, 100-grain weight and dry grain yield were evaluated. In the irrigated and rainfed systems, the cultivars and strains showed different responses in relation to dry grain yield. The MNC02-701F-2 and MNC02-676F-1 strains were the most productive under the irrigated system, and the MNC03-736F-2 and MNC02-675F-9-5 strains under the rainfed system. The strains MNC02-675F-9-5 and MNC03-736F-2 and the cultivars BRS Xiquexique and BRS Gurguéia had similar yields when grown under the irrigated and rainfed regimes. The interaction on genotype performance in the cowpea under different systems (irrigated and rainfed) suggests the strong influence of environmental factors on the production components under evaluation, making them dependent on environmental variation and management.
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