Indonesia and the Philippines are the two biggest archipelagic countries in the world spanning more than 25,000 islands. This made both states rich in marine natural resources and were considered to be the global centers of marine biodiversity. With the said availability of aquatic resources, both countries have also experienced the exploitation of these assets by people aiming to make profit from overfishing and illegal, unreported, and unregulated fishing practices. As such, the authors saw the merit of exploring the recently-implemented policies of both countries aiming to protect and preserve their marine natural resources. These were vital in assessing its effects on the human consumption of fisheries and triangulating the effectivity and efficiency of the said aquatic-related public policies. This study presented the concrete actions that both Indonesia and the Philippines took to battle illegal poaching by Chinese fishermen in the latter’s waters, prevent the marine exploitation of fishing operations from the former, and the establishment of community-based marine preservations that gave permanent employment to its population and improved their way of living.

The 'home-grown' turn in international relations (IR) theory emerged to describe original theorising of non-Western IR from the periphery in the periphery. Enthused with the indigenisation movement in the Philippines as our country belongs to the periphery, we delve into pre-theorisations of home growning by applying it to Philippine philosophical, politicohistorical, and psychoanthropological concepts in a schematic analysis. This paper also deliberated the significance of 'paglundag kasama ang wika' (existential immersion with the Filipino language), 'pantayong pananaw' (perspective from-us-for-us, Filipinos), 'pagsasakatutubo mula sa labas' (indigenisation-from-without), and 'pagpapalitaw ng nasa loob' (indigenisation from within) in abstracting non-Western IR concepts. We contend that Philippine languages play a central role in the Filipino lived experience of the 'international' towards the possibility of contribution to the indigenisation and home-growness of IR as an academic discipline in the Philippines.

Twenty-five years after the tragic Rwandan genocide that killed around one million people in 1994, this paper revisited the tragedy by looking into the contemporary narratives on genocide studies. Through a document analysis of the existing discourses regarding the genocide, the authors found that leading scholars in international politics recognized the failure of the international community in the prevention and mitigation of the conflict following the lack of international political will by the United Nations Security Council. They have recognized that each state has the moral responsibility and obligation to protect the human rights of all of humanity. Moreover, following the trend of decreasing global democracy, scholars have also warned us that more mass atrocities may happen with the rise of authoritarian leaders in this current juncture of our history. As such, the responsibility to protect must actively prove its purpose to protect people from torture, slavery, war crimes, and genocide.