Since the second half of the 20th century, our knowledge about the biology of cancer has made extraordinary progress. Today, we understand cancer at the genomic and epigenomic levels, and we have identified the cell that starts neoplastic transformation and characterized the mechanisms for the invasion of other tissues. This knowledge has allowed novel drugs to be designed that act on specific molecular targets, the immune system to be trained and manipulated to increase its efficiency, and ever more effective therapeutic strategies to be developed. Nevertheless, we are still far from winning the war against cancer, and thus biomedical research in oncology must continue to be a global priority. Likewise, there is a need to reduce unequal access to medical services and improve prevention programs, especially in countries with a low human development index.
e13104 Background: In Mexico, The Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS) is a tripartite contribution which provides care to more than 74 million beneficiaries, which represents more than 50% of the general population of the country. Although Mexican breast cancer statistics have been reported, it is imperative to know the updated statistics on the epidemiology in our Institution. The aim of this study is to describe the survival outcomes and the clinical-pathological characteristics of patients with breast cancer. Methods: Records of breast cancer patients treated at the Oncology Hospital from Centro Medico Nacional Siglo XXI of IMSS, from January 2012 to December 2020 were included. We analyzed clinical and demographic characteristics of the population, as well as survival outcomes at 5-years. Results: A cohort of 5,264 patients was included. Median follow up was 54.9 months. Forty-three percent (n = 2,274) were diagnosed in early-stage breast cancer (I–IIA), 43.1% (n = 2,269) in stages IIB-III, and 7% (n = 383) in stage IV. The most common immunophenotype was hormone receptor (HR) positive, HER2-negative (70.8%, n = 3,726). HER2-positive represents 19.3% (n = 1011), among HR-positive were 12.4% (n = 650) and HR-negative, 6.9% (n = 361). 527 patients (10.1%) were triple negative. At 5-years, disease-free survival was 74.9% (95% CI, 73.5 to 76.3) and overall survival was 90.4% (95% CI, 89.4 to 91.3). High histologic grade (HR 1.51; 95% CI, 1.33 to 1.7; p < 0.001) and lymphovascular invasion (HR 1.84; 95% CI, 1.62 to 2.1; p < 0.001) were associated with higher risk of recurrence. Adjuvant chemotherapy was significantly associated to a 42% reduction in the risk of recurrence, HR 0.58 (95% CI, 0.49 to 0.69; p < 0.0001), and 54% in the risk of death, HR 0.46 (95% CI, 0.33 to 0.63; p < 0.0001) in stage III. Lobular histology was also associated with worse survival, HR 1.41 (95% CI, 1.069 to 1.859; p = 0.015). Conclusions: An update of breast cancer Mexican patients treated at IMSS is presented. We highlight the impact of adjuvant treatment and pathological risk factors for recurrence and death. This work can contribute to evaluate areas for improvement in management and outcomes in our population.
e24010 Background: G8 is a geriatric screening tool designed to identify elderly cancer patients who benefit from a comprehensive geriatric assessment (CGA). Despite the increase in the incidence of cancer in the geriatric patients, there is absence of trials targeting this population. Decisions are often made based on their age and ECOG/Karnofsky scales, which does not reflect the actual role of an elderly patient. It is necessary to identify patients who require a CGA for an accurate evaluation and optimal oncological management. The routine implementation of the G8 geriatric screening tool in the oncology consultation consumes little time and is useful for timely referral of vulnerable patients to specialized care, in order to generate a positive impact on oncological therapy decision-making, improving their outcomes. Our main objective was to determine, using the geriatric screening tool G8, the percentage of patients aged >65 years with breast cancer, which require a CGA. Methods: The G8 questionnaire was applied to patients >65 yo with a diagnosis of breast cancer from December 2019 to May 2020. The baseline characteristics were prospectively collected and included clinical and demographic characteristics. The prognostic value of the functional status of the ECOG was evaluated and compared with that obtained from the G8. The difference between groups was assessed using Pearson's chi square with Yates correction. Additional scores were calculated using the Kaplan-Meier method and compared between groups using the log rank test. The hazard ratio with a 95% confidence interval was estimated using a Cox proportional hazards analysis, considering an abnormal G8 score as an exposure variable. Spearman correlation was made between age and the G8 score obtained. SPSS v22 software (IBM, USA) was used for all analyzes. Results: From December 2019 to May 2020, 357 patients were recruited. The mean age was 73.57 years (SD+7.02 y). The most frequent clinical stage was IIA (27.7%), followed by I (21.8%). 74.2% had an ECOG 1. Regarding treatment, 317 patients (88.8%) were on hormone therapy. The percentage of patients requiring a CGA was 44.3% (n = 158), of which only 55.1% (n = 87) were performed. We found no significant association between the requirement of CGA and clinical stage (p = 0.27) or treatment received (p = 0.345); but according to the ECOG, we obtained statistical significance p < 0.0001. Spearman correlation was performed between age and the G8 score, a correlation of 0.422 was obtained with p < 0.0001.The most affected domains of G8 were polypharmacy (51%) and ingestion (28.3%). Disease-free survival analysis was performed, without finding differences between vulnerable-frail and healthy patients. Conclusions: The G8 is a tool that allows to discern which patients require a CGA, in order to carry out interventions to improve comprehensive cancer treatment, so it should be implemented routinely in the oncology consultation.
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