Eating disorders (ED) are psychiatric diseases characterized by the alteration of the caloric intake. Besides, ED have a high comorbidity with depression and anxiety. In Mexico, the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) has shown to be a valid and reliable instrument in patients with HIV, cancer, and obesity but its psychometric properties have not been assessed in patients with ED, being the latter the aim of this research. A total of 325 patients (M age = 22.0, SD = 9.7), completed the HADS. Based on principal axis factoring and oblimin rotation the scale yielded 12 items divided into two subscales: Depression (with nine items) and Anxiety (with three items). With this structure was confirmed the internal consistency of the scale (˛ = 0.88) and the two subscales (˛ > 0.80), however the items did not group in the same order than they did in the original scale, for this reason the new configuration of the HADS was analyzed in detail based on the features of the population where the scale was examined, this means, in patients with ED.
La obesidad es un problema mundial de salud, multifactorial, en el que intervienen factores psicológicos, conductuales y emocionales. La intervención con la terapia cognitivo-conductual parece ser una herramienta confiable para su tratamiento, por lo que bajo este enfoque se trabajó con una mujer de 62 años, con obesidad tipo I, durante 28 sesiones de forma semanal en un periodo de nueve meses. Se describen los factores involucrados en el problema y el proceso terapéutico, consistente en psicoeducación, modificación conductual, reestructuración cognitiva, emociones, habilidades sociales y resolución de problemas Los resultados mostraron un establecimiento y mantenimiento del plan alimenticio, horarios adecuados en el ciclo sueño-vigilia, manejo apropiado de las emociones relacionadas con la alimentación, una disminución de la deseabilidad social, mejoría en la percepción de la imagen corporal y aumento de habilidades en la solución de problemas, reflejada en la comunicación familiar y con el grupo social. Por lo anterior, se concluye que la terapia cognitivo-conductual es un enfoque que permite abordar de forma integral los factores asociados a la obesidad.
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