Antecedentes y objetivo. El síndrome de fragilidad conlleva un deterioro en la capacidad física del adulto mayor queincrementa su vulnerabilidad y el riesgo a sufrir eventos adversos. La sarcopenia es considerada como un paso intermedio hacia lafragilidad y comparte criterios diagnósticos con la misma, como la evaluación de la fuerza muscular y del rendimiento físico. La detecciónprecoz del deterioro de estas capacidades serviría como predictor de estados de fragilidad. El objetivo de este trabajo es analizar el gradode deterioro funcional y los factores relacionados de un grupo de adultos mayores participantes en un programa de gimnasia municipalpara la tercera edad utilizando la propuesta de valoración del SNS en 2014. Material y método. Se valoró a una población de 74 sujetos(edad=72.34 ± 6.15) a través de la batería de pruebas de la Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB), el Test Up and Go (TUG) yel Stair Climb Power Test (SCPT) determinando el grado de fragilidad según la clasificación del Sistema Nacional de Salud (SNS) y lospuntos de corte propuestos por el European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People (EWGSOP) en 2010 y 2019. Resultados.El 13.51% de los sujetos presenta deterioro funcional según la puntuación de SPPB y el 5.4% según la velocidad de la marcha. Noencontramos diferencias relacionadas con valores antropométricos entre sexos que determinen un mejor desempeño funcional. Todos lossujetos con fragilidad obtuvieron malas puntuaciones en la prueba de fuerza de miembros inferiores. Conclusiones. No hallamosdiferencias significativas en el grado de deterioro funcional entre sexos, aunque existe una tendencia ligeramente superior en el grupofemenino. Las personas sin deterioro funcional llevan más tiempo practicando la actividad. Se objetiva una correlación elevada entre lasdiferentes pruebas de evaluación.Abstract. Introduction. Fragility syndrome carries a risk in the physical capacity of the elderly that increases their risk and the risk ofadverse events. Sarcopenia is considered as an intermediate step towards fragility and both share disgnostic criteria, such as the evaluationof muscular strength and physical performance The early detection of the deterioration of these capacities would be useful as a predictorof states of fragility. The aim of this work is to analyze the degree of functional change and related factors of a group of older adultsparticipating in a municipal gymnastics program for the elderly using the valuation proposal of the National Health System in 2014.Material and method. A population of 74 subjects (age = 72.34 ± 6.15) was assessed through the Short Physical PerformanceBattery (SPPB), Test Up and Go (TUG) and the Stair Climb Power (SCPT) tests, determining the degree of fragility according to theclassification of the SNS and the cut-off points proposed by the European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People (EWGSOP)in 2010 and 2019. Results. 13.51% of the subjects present functional problems according to the SPPB score and 5.4% according to thegait speed. We did not find differences related to anthropometric values between sexes that determine a better functional performance. Allsubjects with fragility obtained bad relationships in the lower limb strength test. Conclusions. There are no differences in the degree offunctional change between sexes, although there is a slightly higher trend in the female group. People without functional problems havebeen practicing the activity for more time. A high correlation between the different evaluation tests is observed.
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