This paper presents the results of a multispectral reflectometry and ultraviolet (UV) fluorescence study on the entrance wall of the Tomb of the Blue Demons in the Necropolis of in Tarquinia (Viterbo, Italy), which is a UNESCO site. The technique is based on the acquisition of a multispectral set ranging from 10 to 25 images, acquired at wavelengths between 370 and 1120 nm, with a spectral width of 50 nm per image, using both halogen lamps for visible and infrared images and high-purity UV diodes for fluorescence. Blind-source separation algorithms were then applied to the whole image set to extract from the resulting images the details not otherwise visible in the single spectral images. The multispectral technique presented was tested and improved upon over the last decade on ancient Etruscan and Roman wall paintings and, because of its quickness and cost-effectiveness, it can now be proposed as a powerful tool for the study of poorly conserved archaeological wall paintings and a preliminary diagnostic survey before any future conservation intervention on them.

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L’impiego delle più sofisticate tecniche di rilevamento delle antiche pitture murali, mediante imaging multispettrali con analisi multivariate hanno consentito la restituzione e l’elaborazione grafica virtuale della decorazione pittorica murale della Tomba dei Demoni Azzurri (450–430 a.C.) della necropoli di Monterozzi, a Tarquinia (Viterbo, alto Lazio). È stato così possibile analizzare il programma iconografico originariamente concepito per la tomba, che comprendeva scene di caccia cui partecipavano prede autoctone e predatori esotici fra cui alcuni felidi vicino-orientali e/o nordafricani il cui uso come ausiliari venatori sarebbe qui documentato per la prima volta.   The use of the most sophisticated techniques for the detection of ancient wall paintings, by means of multispectral imaging with multivariate analysis, has enabled the restitution and virtual graphic elaboration of the pictorial wall decoration of the Etruscan Tomba dei Demoni Azzurri (450-430 BCE) of the Monterozzi necropolis in Tarquinia (Viterbo, upper Latium). It was thus possible to analyse the iconographic programme originally conceived for the tomb, which included hunting scenes involving indigenous prey and exotic predators, including Near Eastern and/or North African felids whose use as hunting auxiliaries is documented here for the first time.