This article proposes a structured method to map the main elements of complex phenomena. We chose Precision Medicine as the context for this study due to its novelty, exponential evolution, complexity, and potential impact on our future. The method proposed faces the problem that a subjective process of acquiring knowledge and building a common framework might be biased. The solution is achieved by an original way of combining systematic literature review, content analysis, and ecosystem approach. The method proposed also offers an innovative way to include factors and connect them to actors in an ecosystem approach. We present a four-phase method that ends with a double-layer diagram with actors and factors. It serves as a reference ground for discussions that are relevant for academic research and practitioner strategy development. Our findings in the Precision Medicine context suggest that this method could be used for other complex phenomena as well.

Purpose Genetic knowledge is advancing steadily while at the same time DNA sequencing prices are dropping fast, but the diffusion of genetic services (GS) has been slow. The purpose of this paper is to identify GS diffusion drivers in the precision medicine (PM) ecosystem. Design/methodology/approach After reviewing the literature on innovation diffusion, particularly on GS diffusion, the PM ecosystem actors are interviewed to obtain their perspective. Using content analysis, the interviewees’ visions were interplayed with the literature to achieve driver conceptualization, which posteriorly originated broad themes. Findings The results indicate that GS diffusion depends on satisfying aspects from three broad themes and respective drivers: technology (evidence strength and credibility, customization, knowledge, data and information, tech evolution speed and cost), human (ethics, privacy and security and user power) and business (prevention, holistic view of the individual, public policy and regulation, business model and management). Practical implications The main management implications refer to considering health care in a multidisciplinary way, investing in the propagation of genetic knowledge, standardizing medical records and interpreting data. Originality/value This study, to the best of authors’ knowledge, is the first attempt to understand GS diffusion from a broad perspective, taking into account the PM stakeholders’ view. The 13 drivers offer a comprehensive understanding of how GS could spread in health care and they can assist researchers and practitioners to discuss and set strategies based on an initial structured map.

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RESUMO AArte Operacional é amplamente utilizada para possibilitar as análises e planejamentos no Nível Operacional. Seu desenvolvimento ocorreu ao longo dos últimos dois séculos, passou por um breve período de esquecimento e hoje faz parte de praticamente todas as doutrinas militares. Este artigo tem como propósito oferecer uma visão ampla da evolução histórica da Arte Operacional, conectando os principais eventos históricos que marcaram seu desenvolvimento, de modo a facilitar sua compreensão atual. O método que utilizamos foi a revisão de literatura. Em que pese a relevância do tema, ainda não há em língua portuguesa um trabalho desse tipo. Palavras-chaves: Arte Operacional. Nível Operacional.