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In nowadays we observe that there is more data than that can be effectively analyzed. Organizing this data has become one of the biggest problems in Computer Science. Many algorithms have been proposed for this purpose, highlighting those related to the Data Mining area, specifically the automatic document classification (ADC) algorithms. However, these algorithms are still a computational challenge because of the volume of data that needs to be processed. We found in the literature some proposals related to parallelization on graphics processing units (GPUs) to make these algorithms feasible. Still, most of the available parallel solutions ignore specific ADC challenges, such as high dimensionality and heterogeneity in the representation of the documents. In this context, we here present G-KNN, a GPU-based parallel version of the nearest neighbors algorithm (KNN), one of the most widely used ADC algorithms. In our evaluation using five different document collections, we show that the G-KNN can maintain the same classification effectiveness while increasing the efficiency by up to 12x faster than its sequential version using CPU and up to 3x faster than a CPU-based parallel implementation running with 6 threads. Moreover, our algorithm has a much lower memory consumption, enabling its use with large datasets.

Objective To investigate the cardiovascular effects produced by transthoracic application of low-intensity pulsed ultrasound therapy (LIPUST). Methods Three-month-old male Wistar rats (± 300 g, N=16) were randomly allocated in two groups, namely SHAM (control group, faked procedures) and UST (animals treated with LIPUST). These animals, under anesthesia, were instrumented (femoral artery and vein catheterization) for hemodynamic recordings (mean blood pressure [MBP], heart rate [HR]) and blood biochemical profile (lipids, creatine kinase-myocardial band [CK-MB]). Then, LIPUST (spatial average-temporal average [ISATA] 1-MHz, power 0.1 to 1.2 W/cm2, pulsed 2:8 ms, cycle at 30%, for three minutes) was applied to animals from the UST group, externally to their thorax. SHAM animals were equally manipulated, but without application of ultrasound energy. After the hemodynamic and biochemical measurements, animals were sacrificed, and their hearts were mounted in a Langendorff apparatus for coronary reactivity evaluation. Standard histology techniques were employed to analyze the hearts. Results LIPUST application caused statistically significant reductions in MBP (92±4 vs . 106±1 mmHg) and HR (345±14 vs . 380±17 rpm) when compared with SHAM procedures. UST rats exhibited higher CK-MB levels (318±55 vs . 198±26 U/dL) and lower plasma triglycerides levels (38±7 vs . 70±10 mg/dL) than SHAM animals. Coronary reactivity was not significantly changed by LIPUST. Cardiac histopathology showed an increase in capillary permeability in treated animals when compared with SHAM animals. Conclusion Noninvasive LIPUST induces significant metabolic and hemodynamic changes, including intensity-dependent bradycardia and hypotension, indicating a possible therapeutic effect for cardiac events.

Introdução: Anomalias congênitas, defeitos ao nascimento e malformações congênitas são os termos usados frequentemente para descrever as perturbações do desenvolvimento presentes ao nascimento. Entre os fatores causais das anomalias congênitas, destacam-se: agentes infecciosos; agentes ambientais, como radiação; fatores mecânicos; e compostos químicos, assim como doenças maternas. Objetivo: Investigar a prevalência de anomalias congênitas e fatores associados em nascidos no estado do Rio de Janeiro, Brasil, no período de 2013 a 2016, por meio do Sistema de Informações sobre Nascidos Vivos (SINASC). Material e Métodos: Estudo transversal, quantitativo e de caráter descritivo, em que os dados foram coletados no banco de dados do SINASC e analisados pelo software Statistica 12.5 Enterprise. Resultados e Conclusão: De 2013 a 2016, notificaram-se 913.704 nascidos vivos no estado do Rio de Janeiro, dos quais 6.762 apresentaram alguma anomalia congênita, o que corresponde a 7,4 casos para cada mil nascidos vivos. Constatou-se que 33% dos casos notificados são de malformações congênitas do aparelho osteomuscular. Observa-se maior chance de anomalias em gestações em faixas etárias extremas (10 a 14 anos —OR 1,12) e 40 a 64 anos — OR 1,74); entre gestantes que não realizaram nenhuma consulta pré-natal e gestantes que realizaram apenas 1 a 3 consultas; e em gestação dupla (OR 1,16). Constata-se que o sexo masculino (OR 1,25), recém-nascidos com peso ao nascer de menos de 2499 g (OR 3,43) e gestações com duração menor que 36 semanas também são fatores associados à maior chance de anomalias congênitas. É de extrema importância o diagnóstico precoce das anomalias congênitas ao longo das consultas de pré-natal, com o objetivo de melhorar a qualidade de vida e reduzir índices de mortalidade infantil. Para isso, é necessário o incentivo à realização adequada de pré-natal e estudos futuros sobre a associação das anomalias com os fatores, especialmente faixa etária materna.