SARS-CoV-2, the novel Coronavirus, was first detected in Wuhan, China, in December 2019, and has since spread rapidly, causing millions of deaths worldwide. As in most countries of the world, in Brazil, the consequences of the COVID-19 pandemic have been catastrophic. Several studies have reported the fecal shedding of SARS-CoV-2 RNA titers from infected symptomatic and asymptomatic individuals. Therefore, the quantification of SARS-CoV-2 in wastewater can be used to track the virus spread in a population. In this study, samples of untreated wastewater were collected for 44 weeks at five sampling sites in the ABC Region (São Paulo, Brazil), in order to evaluate the SARS-CoV-2 occurrence in the sewerage system. SARS-CoV-2 RNA titers were detected throughout the period, and the concentration ranged from 2.7 to 7.7 log 10 genome copies.L −1 , with peaks in the last weeks of monitoring. Furthermore, we observed a positive correlation between the viral load in wastewater and the epidemiological/clinical data, with the former preceding the latter by approximately two weeks. The COVID-19 prevalence for each sampling site was estimated via Monte-Carlo simulation using the wastewater viral load. The mean predicted prevalence ranged 0.05 to 0.38%, slightly higher than reported (0.016 ± 0.005%) in the ABC Region for the same period. These results highlight the viability of the wastewater surveillance for COVID-19 infection monitoring in the largest urban agglomeration in South America. This approach can be especially useful for health agencies and public decision-makers in predicting SARS-CoV-2 outbreaks, as well as in local tracing of infection clusters.

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RESUMOObjetiva-se, aqui, um estudo comparativo entre dois biodigestores operados em escala piloto para produção de biogás e redução de material orgânico a partir de estrume bovino em duas concentrações diferentes, por meio de variáveis validadas para o tratamento de lodo anaeróbio de estações de tratamento de esgoto sanitário. Após o período de biodegradação (29 dias), o volume produzido de biogás foi maior no biodigestor I (mais diluído), e a remoção de material orgânico medida na forma de Demanda Química de Oxigênio (DQO) e Demanda Bioquímica de Oxigênio (DBO) foi de 51-61,6% e 26,9-43,8% nos biodigestores I e II, respectivamente. As variáveis de controle utilizadas para realização do presente estudo mostraram-se adequadas, assim como o uso do teste de Atividade Metanogênica Específica (AME) onde os valores para os biodigestores I e II, referentes ao volume de gás metano produzido nas Condições Normais de Temperatura e Pressão (CNTP), foram de 36 e 17 mL CH 4 .g -1 SSV.h -1 , respectivamente. Palavras-chave: Atividade metanogênica específica. Biogás. Digestão anaeróbia. Biomassa. ABSTRACTComparative study between two biodigesters operated on a pilot scale for biogas production and organic material reduction from bovine manure at two different concentrations, through variables validated for the treatment of anaerobic

BUENO, R. F. Simultaneous nitrification and denitrification in reactor with biomass in suspension and continuous flow of sewage. 2011. 115p. Dissertação [Mestrado]-Faculdade