Androgenic anabolic steroids (AAS) are synthetic versions of the hormone testosterone (TE). With its creation, subsequent changes in TE structures resulted in changes in the anabolic / androgenic ratio, but also increased their potential side effects. AAS are classified as category 3 drugs, and its possession is liable to punishment with fine, prison or both. Despite this, in Brazil, the prevalence of the use of AAS is worrisome, and preventive campaigns and warnings about health risks related to their use are necessary.