Background: This study aimed to compare the histological and immunohistochemical characteristics of ameloblastomas (AM) and ameloblastic carcinomas (AC). Material and Methods: Fifteen cases of AM and 9 AC were submitted to hematoxilin and eosin (H&E) and immunohistochemical analysis with the following antibodies: cytokeratins 5,7,8,14 and 19, Ki-67, p53, p63 and the cellular adhesion molecules CD138 (Syndecan-1), E-cadherin and β-catenin. The mean score of the expression of Ki-67 and p53 labelling index (LIs) were compared between the groups using the t test. A value of p<0.05 was considered to be statistically significant. Results: All cases were positive for CKs 5, 14 and 19, but negative for CKs 7 and 8. CKs 5 and 19 were positive mainly in the central regions of the ameloblastic islands, while the expression in AC was variable in intensity and localization. CK14 was also variably expressed in both AM and AC. Ki-67 (P=.001) and p53 (P=.004) immunoexpression was higher in AC. All cases were positive for p63, but values were higher in AC. CD138 was mainly expressed in peripheral cells of AM, with a weak positivity in the central areas, while it was positive in most areas of ACs, except in less differentiated regions, where expression was decreased or lost. E-cadherin and β-catenin were weakly positive in both AM and AC.

Paracoccidioidomycosis is a common deep fungus infection in South America, particularly in Brazil. It is acquired through inhalation and primary involvement of lungs. Subsequently, dissemination may occur and oral mucosa is frequently affected and actually, in most of the cases the diagnosis is established because of the oral lesions. Thus, the role of the dentist is fundamental to correct diagnosis. However, the involvement of intestine is rarely reported. The current case describes a 36-year-old man who presented abdominal pain and intestinal constipation, being suspected and then confirmed as paracoccidioidomycosis after already be diagnosed with this disease by a dentist through oral manifestations.

The recognition of the clinical features of LCH oral manifestation is important to avoid misdiagnosis and to the establishment of the correct treatment. Thus, dentists can play a vital role in the diagnosis of LCH since oral lesions may be the earliest manifestation and sometimes the only sign of the disease. Furthermore, oral lesions may be the early signs of disease reactivation or a multisystem disease indication.

Background M2 macrophages are often detected in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC), which, influenced by hypoxic conditions, appear to have high angiogenesis‐inducing capacity. However, the effects of immunosenescence on tumor‐associated macrophages (TAMs) and angiogenesis in OSCC are unknown. Methods Fifty‐seven OSCCs were divided into 3 groups (I: <40 years [n = 17]; II: 40‐65 years [n = 20]; III: >65 years [n = 20]). Immunohistochemistry for CD68 and CD163 (TAMs), and CD34 and D2‐40 for microvessel density (MVD), microvessel area (MVA), and total vascular area (TVA) were performed. Results All groups showed similar clinicopathological and immunohistochemical findings. Similar CD68 and CD163 expression, confirmed a M2 phenotype. MVD, MVA, and TVA were similar, however, with significant predominance of blood vessels. No significant correlation between macrophage and angiogenic markers was observed. Conclusions A similar TAM and angiogenesis profile suggests the participation of other mechanisms, instead immunosenescence, in young and elderly OSCC patients.

Using a manual arrayer, it was demonstrated that 1.0-mm TMA arranged in duplicate is a valid method for ameloblastoma immunohistochemical study with satisfactory levels of agreement between TMA cylinders and CWSS.