IntroductionConstipation is a common problem in intensive care units. We assessed the efficacy and safety of laxative therapy aiming to promote daily defecation in reducing organ dysfunction in mechanically ventilated patients.MethodsWe conducted a prospective, randomized, controlled, nonblinded phase II clinical trial at two general intensive care units. Patients expected to remain ventilated for over 3 days were randomly assigned to daily defecation or control groups. The intervention group received lactulose and enemas to produce 1–2 defecations per day. In the control group, absence of defecation was tolerated up to 5 days. Primary outcome was the change in Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) score between the date of enrollment and intensive care unit discharge, death or day 14.ResultsWe included 88 patients. Patients in the treatment group had a higher number of defecations per day (1.3 ± 0.42 versus 0.7 ± 0.56, p < 0.0001) and lower percentage of days without defecation (33.1 ± 15.7 % versus 62.3 ±24.5 %, p < 0.0001). Patients in the intervention group had a greater reduction in SOFA score (–4.0 (–6.0 to 0) versus –1.0 (–4.0 to 1.0), p = 0.036) with no difference in mortality rates or in survival time. Adverse events were more frequent in the treatment group (4.5 (3.0–8.0) versus 3.0 (1.0–5.7), p = 0.016), including more days with diarrhea (2.0 (1.0–4.0) versus 1.0 (0–2.0) days, p < 0.0001). Serious adverse events were rare and did not significantly differ between groups.ConclusionsLaxative therapy improved daily defecation in ventilated patients and was associated with a greater reduction in SOFA score.Trial registrationClinical Trials.gov NCT01607060, registered 24 May 2012.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s13054-015-1047-x) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

No abstract

No abstract

Objective: Homocysteine and sepsis are both associated with inflammation and endothelial activation. Therefore this study was aimed to evaluate if the plasma homocystein level is related with the septic patient clinical severity. Methods: Severe sepsis or septic shock patients, with less than 48 hours from organ dysfunction start, were admitted to this prospective observational study. Homocysteine levels were determined by the time of study admission and then on the Days 3, 7 and 14. The homocysteine association with the Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) score was evaluated using the Sperman test, and its association with mortality using the Mann-Whitney test. A p<0.05 value was considered statistically significant. Results: Twenty one patients were enrolled, and 60 blood samples were collected to measure total homocysteine [median 6.92 (5.27-9.74 μmol/L)]. The Sperman correlation test showed no association between homocysteine and SOFA (r=0.15 and p=0.26). Also no correlation was found for the homocysteine level by the study admission time and the difference between the Day 3 SOFA score versus by study admission (deltaSOFA) (r=0.04 and p=0.87). Homocysteine varia tion between the Day 3 and the study admission (deltaHmc) and SOFA score variation in the same period were not correlated (r=-0.11 and p=0.66). Homocysteine by the study admission was not correlated with death in intensive care unit rate (p= 0.46) or in-hospital death rate (p = 0.13). This was also true for deltaHmc (p=0.12 and p=0.99, respectively). Conclusion: Baseline homocysteine levels and its variations within the first dysfunction days were not related with septic patients' worsened organ function parameters or mortality.

OBJETIVO: O presente estudo tem por objetivo analisar os achados histológicos da vesícula biliar de pacientes submetidos à colecistectomia eletiva no Hospital Universitário Presidente Dutra, São Luís-MA. MÉTODO: Foram avaliados 2.008 pacientes, 359 do sexo masculino (17,9%) e 1.649 do sexo feminino (82,1%), com média de idade de 46,3 anos, operados no período de janeiro de 1990 a dezembro de 1998. A vesícula biliar, imediatamente após a colecitectoma era aberta e examinada macroscopicamente pelo cirurgião e em seguida enviada para exame histopatológico. RESULTADOS: A prevalência de câncer da vesícula biliar foi de 2,3 % (46 pacientes). Trinta e três pacientes (71,7%) apresentavam idade superior a 60 anos. CONCLUSÕES: Os autores concluem que a colecistectomia profilática eletiva deve ser realizada em pacientes assintomáticos com colelitíase, com idade superior a 60 anos e em boas condições cirúrgicas.