Few studies present interactions among plant physiological and seed chemical composition of soybean cultivates under different arrangements. Therefore, this study seeks to understand this relationship between space occupation and product quality. We grew two soybean cultivars (Tec 7849 Ipro and Monsoy 6972 Ipro) in four different spatial arrangements (50.0 x 7.1; 40.0 x 8.9; 30.0 x 11.9 and 18.9 x 18.9 or 16.2 x 16.2 cm, respectively). During V4 and R2 phenological stages, we analyzed the gas exchange, and at the harvest were composed two different lots: freshly harvested seeds and the seeds subjected to accelerated aging; in both lots, we evaluated germination test, vigor, germination speed index, seedling fresh mass, and the determination of the chemical composition of the seeds. For experiment conducted to analyze physiological parameters we adopted the factorial scheme 2x2x4 (two evaluation periods x two soybean cultivars x four spatial arrangements), and for seed quality and chemical composition, we adopted the factorial scheme 2x4 (two soybean cultivars x four spatial crop arrangements). The vegetative stage was crucial for better gas exchange efficiency, and the spatial arrangements positively influenced the physiological and chemical quality of the seeds for soybean crop, where the fitted arrangement was observed in 40.0 cm between rows and 8.9 cm between plants for the cultivar Tec 7849 Ipro and 50.0 cm between rows and 5.3 cm between plants, for Monsoy 6972 Ipro. Adjusts in spatial arrangements can promote beneficial responses in seed quality.

The arrangement of soybean plants defines their ability to recognize the environment and improve their abiotic and biotic interactions with it. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of planting arrangements associated to two distinct crop systems (high technological level or conventional crop level) for the soybean varieties 8473 RSF and AS 3730, to evaluate the plant performance and productivity in the field. A double factorial scheme was used with two varieties and six spatial arrangements. Two experiments were conducted during the 2017–2018 crop season: the first was based on standard cultivation of the Brazilian Cerrado (without irrigation systems and adequate fertilizer), whereas the second utilized high technology (irrigation systems and increased fertilizer). The morphophysiological parameters, normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI), leaf pigment content and crop yield parameters were evaluated. Our study pointed out the positive responses for both cultivated varieties and two technological levels adopted cultivated under equidistant arrangement and high density. The leaf area index, leaf pigment content, NDVI, and crop production showed substantial responses under different equidistant arrangements. Therefore, this procedure requires adjustments in the level of cultivation technology and identification of the most suitable soybean variety.