The occupational exposure of OR personnel to isoflurane and sevoflurane was lower than national recommended exposure limits. The urinary isoflurane could be a good internal dose biomarker for monitoring of occupational isoflurane exposure. Considering the accumulation of anesthetic waste gases in the studied ORs, real-time air monitoring is better to be done at the end of the work shift.

This study investigated the performance of UVC/H 2 O 2 and UVC processes for the degradation and mineralization of ceftriaxone as an antibiotic. The highest ceftriaxone degradation was obtained at a solution pH of 5 and H 2 O 2 concentration of 10 mg/L. The apparent rate constant of ceftriaxone degradation was found to be 0.0302, 0.0165, and 0.0065 min −1 in the UVC/H 2 O 2 process for the initial ceftriaxone concentrations of 5, 10, and 20 mg/L, respectively. Degradation and mineralization efficiencies of ceftriaxone was obtained to be 100% and 58%, respectively, in UVC/H 2 O 2 process at reaction time of 120 min, whereas only 61% and 2.5% of ceftriaxone could be degraded and mineralized by UVC. The synergistic effect of UVC/H 2 O 2 was found to be 35%. The presence of anionic species improved the photolysis efficiency which degraded ceftriaxone from 61 to 83%, while, in the UVC/H 2 O 2 process, ability degradation declined from 100 to 70%. The efficiency of UVC/H 2 O 2 and UVC process was not greatly affected in real tap water. Besides, the reduction patterns in the UVC/H 2 O 2 and UVC processes were better described by pseudo-first-and second-order kinetics model with a reaction rate constant of 0.0165 and 0.0012 min −1 , respectively. The rate constant of ceftriaxone degradation in the UVC/H 2 O 2 process and at the presence of radical scavenger was found to be around 3.3 times lower than the one in its absence.

No abstract

No abstract

In this paper, a rapid and simple approach was developed for the preparation of zinc pentacyanonitrosylferrate nanotubes (ZnPCNF NTs) within the cylindrical pores of anodic aluminum oxide (AAO) template by electrochemical method. The AAO was fabricated in two steps anodizing from aluminum foil. The first anodization of aluminum foil was performed in 0.2 mol L -1 H 2 C 2 O 4 followed by removal of the formed porous oxide film by a solution of 6 wt% of phosphoric acid. The second anodization step was then performed using the same conditions as the previous step. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) method were employed to characterize the resulting highly oriented uniform hollow tube array which its diameter was in the range of 25-75 nm depending on the applied voltage and the length of nanotubes was equal to the thickness of AAO which was about 2 m. The growth properties of the ZnPCNF NTs array film can be achieved by controlling the structure of the template and applied potential across the cell.