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Two new species of Dalbergia L. f. (Fabaceae: Dalbergieae) are described from northern Madagascar: Dalbergia antsirananae Phillipson, Crameri & N. Wilding and Dalbergia obcordata N. Wilding, Phillipson & Crameri, and an emended description is provided for a third species, Dalbergia manongarivensis Bosser & R. Rabev. All three species are illustrated with line drawings and photographs, and each is provided with a risk of extinction assessment using the IUCN Red List criteria: all three species are assessed as "Endangered". Dalbergia antsirananae and Dalbergia manongarivensis are closely related, and both appear to be a source of valuable wood, while Dalbergia obcordata is only known as a shrub and is assumed not to produce wood of commercial value.

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1. A description is given of the outbreak of typhoid fever in Zermatt in 1963.2. There were 437 cases and three deaths, a case fatality rate of 0·7%.3. Information from 260 tourists established that the initiation of infection was explosive and allowed the period of infection to be determined.4. The mean incubation period of various tourist fractions was probably between 16 and 18 days but was found to be significantly longer (20–21 days) for hotel employees.5. The evidence favours a waterborne outbreak. Studies of the water supply showed that the catchment area and the surface streams and their water were liable to contamination.6. One particular stream, the Zmuttbach, constituted a greater danger than the remainder.7. The water purification at the treatment station was inadequate; in particular the holding time for chlorination was too short, and the required concentration of 0·2 p.p.m. was not reached consistently. In addition, there were periods during which completely unchlorinated water reached the general supply.8. It was discovered, some months after the epidemic, that there was leakage of sewage, probably of long standing, into the chlorination tank. This seems to be the most likely source of the water contamination.9. The typhoid excretor responsible for the outbreak was not discovered.

The use of the intrauterine device has led to a recognition of the need to bring some order into the field of IUD evaluation, and to consider the elements involved so as to make this method of contraception more effective, safer, and acceptable. This paper examines some factors.