A bstract Aim We describe a novel technique of bone splitting and bone grafting in managing hypoplastic or hourglass-shaped regenerated bone in distraction osteogenesis. Background Hourglass-shaped regenerated bone is a potential complication during distraction osteogenesis which is vulnerable to fracture when loaded. Our novel technique overcomes this by increasing the diameter of new bone formation via bone splitting and bone grafting. Case description We report three cases with hypoplastic regenerated bone following distraction osteogenesis. It was treated with bone splitting and bone grafting. Although one case was complicated with an iatrogenic transverse fracture during the surgery, all three cases achieved the goal of increasing bone diameter during the subsequent consolidation phase. Conclusion This relatively simple and novel surgical intervention can overcome the hourglass-shaped appearance, thus preventing potential fracture. Clinical significance We emphasise the importance of identifying hypoplastic regenerate bone before the consolidation phase of distraction osteogenesis. The novel technique described is a simple surgical intervention which can prevent potential fracture through the newly formed bone. How to cite this article Lee HS, Tasarib R, Hamzah FC, et al. A Novel Technique—Bone Splitting and Bone Grafting in an Hourglass-shaped Bone Following Distraction Osteogenesis. Strategies Trauma Limb Reconstr 2020;15(3):175–178.

Locked knees are commonly caused by meniscal tears, floating osteochondral bodies, ruptured anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) stump, or other mechanical origins in the knee. Some locked knees occur spontaneously, while in most cases, by a preceding knee trauma. Locked knees are rarely caused by a pathological growth in the knee. More unusually is the occurrence of locked knee caused by a pre-existing pathological entity after a traumatic event. We report a rare case of locking in the knee by a pre-existing knee condition presented only after trauma to the knee. This case emphasizes that locking in the knee can be caused by a pathology that may be asymptomatic until it is revealed by a traumatic event.

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