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Automatically operated equipment or machines or systems with no or minimal manual intervention is referred to as automation. Automation facilitates in minimizing the requirement of manual labour, bring precision to the production process and save time with several other benefits. Generally, an automation system engages sensory systems, feedback control processes, and automatic actuating devices. Indian economy is highly dependent on agriculture. Automation has been well taken in the country in recent years in several production sectors including agriculture. With changing climate, and decreased availability of resources such as human labour, water, land, etc. in the agriculture sector the realization is to make the various agricultural processes efficient not only in input application but also in timely execution. In this endeavor, attempts have been made to automize the water application process for irrigating different crops. Irrigation is one of the critical input resources in Agriculture which demands its judicious as it also has the demand for drinking for a billion-plus country. Precision agriculture technologies in irrigation water management use sensors and controllers to preciously deliver the right amount of water at right time and maintain the moisture to the optimum level. An automatic irrigation system as compared to manual irrigation can save water and maximize productivity. Irrigation systems such as drip, sprinkler, the surface can be automated with help of timers, sensors or computers, or mechanical appliances. Automation of irrigation enhances water use efficiency and reduces the use of resources energy. This review attempts to highlight concepts of automation, recent developments, and the experiences of researchers while automizing various irrigation modules.

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