The uncommon condition known as xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis (XGP) is characterized by renal parenchymal loss and is replaced by solid sheets of lipid-rich macrophages. Most cases affect women in their mid-twenties. A histopathologic analysis provides a precise diagnosis. The only effective treatment is a whole or partial nephrectomy. Nephrostomy is our suggested procedure because it makes microbiological diagnosis and operation easier (nephrectomy). Here we discussed a case of xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis with staghorn calculus and its surgical management. The present complaints and investigation: A 38-year-old woman who had been experiencing right flank pain for two to three months and a high-grade fever registered with the urology department. She has a history of anemia. Now she has come here for further treatment. The doctor made the diagnosis of xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis with staghorn calculus following a physical examination and further testing like blood and urine analysis. Inj. Ceftraxone 1 gm BD, Tab. Pantop 40 Mg OD, Inj. Emset 4 Mg SOS, Inj. Tramadol TDS, Calcium, iron, and folic acid supplements were given.conclusion: Her general condition was good and all treatment was completed.