Inventux Technologies AG is a high volume producer of Micromorph (a-Si:H/μc-Si:H) tandem modules. The light-induced degradation of hydrogenated amorphous silicon (a-Si:H), called Staebler-Wronski effect (SWE), limits the stabilized efficiency of a-Si:H-based solar cells. Several laboratories have reported on the development of a-Si:H with increased resistance against light-soaking. This so-called ‘protocrystalline' silicon can be grown with plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition (PECVD) by diluting the silane source gas with hydrogen.The aim of the work presented in this paper was to scale-up the laboratory results on protocrystalline silicon to a size of 1.43 m2 (Gen. 5) using a process that is suitable for high volume production. We demonstrate that the strict boundary conditions regarding uniformity and growth rate, which are necessary for a production process, can be met. The reduced light-induced degradation of protocrystalline solar cells fabricated with the newly developed process is confirmed by a light-soaking experiment. As an outlook towards future work, we discuss issues related to the implementation of a protocrystalline top cell in the Micromorph tandem configuration. The challenge of choosing the right top-cell thickness is illustrated by experimental results on two tandem cells. The top cells of these tandems contain protocrystalline i-layers of different thicknesses.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.