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n this work we present a unified strategy for identification of material parameters of visco-plastic models from test data of complex smctum. For consideration of the associated inhomogeneous deformations and stresses the finite-element method is used. The objective function of least-squares type is minimired by a method based on gradient evaluations. such as an SQP method or a projection algorithm due to Bertsekas The sensitivity analysis, i.e. the determination of the gradient of the objective function, is explained in detail. As a mult a recursion formula is obtained. In the numerical examples we compare gradient-based methods with evolutionaty methods for homogeneous problems. Concerning inhomogeneous problems we discuss the results obtamed for a material law due to Steck.