The aim of the article is to conduct research on the issue of whether compulsory vaccination, enshrined in international and national legal acts, violates labour rights. The main research method was a comparison method, which helped to compare the experience of different countries in restricting labour rights in the context of compulsory vaccination against COVID-19. Moreover, the main characteristics of restrictions on labour rights during the COVID-19 period were highlighted using the method of system analysis. The evolution of compulsory vaccination was analysed using a historical-logical method. A formal legal method was applied to generalise, classify, and systematize research results, as well as to present these results. The current outbreak of COVID-19 has provoked trends in discriminatory behaviour in the workplace. Therefore, the restrictions on labour rights must comply with international human rights standards, which, however, largely reflect a position that does not support compulsory vaccination.

Gender inequality is one of the fundamental manifestations of socio-economic differentiation of the population, leading to different opportunities for self-realisation for women and men in society. This makes it an important topic for analysis even though there may be different views on the matter. The labour market conditions that existed in Ukraine until the end of February 2022 exacerbated the problems of gender inequality in employment. These problems were manifested in unequal opportunities for women and men in public administration, education, employment, income and property. The research uses general and specific scientific methods – dialectical, historical, analysis and synthesis, induction and deduction – to study the legislative frameworks governing gender equality in the European Union (EU) and Ukraine in determining the current state of women’s employment in Ukraine and Europe. In this context, the purpose of this article is to identify the features of gender inequality in the labour market of modern Ukraine, as well as to identify its causes and solutions.