Lack of rainfall in short time scales mainly affects soil moisture, whereas long-term rainfall deficit often affects streamflow and groundwater. Hydrogeological drought can be evaluate using specific index like Standardized Groundwater Index (SGI) on similar methodology used for Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI). The evaluation of hydrogeological drought was made for 15 hydrogeological wells developed on northeastern part of Romania in the period 1983 to 2018. The results show that there is a common evolution and good correlation (for more than 80% of pairs of meteorological stations and hydrogeological wells analyzed) between atmospheric drought and groundwater drought for cumulated periods of 6 and 12 months. In the same time the evolution of atmospheric and groundwater drought can be predictable using innovative analyzing method (ITA). For both phenomena just for SPI and SGI for cumulated periods of 6 months a slight tendency of increasing was observed.

No abstract

Snow water equivalent (SWE) and snow depth (SD) is estimating using Snow 17 model for several meteorological mountain stations from Romania. The model uses air temperature as the sole index to determine the energy exchange across the snow-air interface. In addition to temperature, the only other input variable needed to run the model is precipitation. The estimating values was validated with measurements values from respective point stations. It was observed that depending on the elevation station the values estimated have different errors. It is a strong correlation between estimating and observed values of SWE for Sinaia station (r = 0.96), Balea Station (r = 0.92), whereas for Vf. Omu station the correlation is weaker (r = 0.82). Regarding the SD values, the negligible difference can be found between modelled and observed data. Importantly, this study validates a model applied to the several meteorological stations from Romania.

The landslides have an important impact on the evolution of some natural components and the anthropic activities. Often these processes generate difficult to predict side effects. This was the case in the rural area of Moldavian Tableland (located in the eastern part of Romania) where the construction of a water tank for water supply to the local community, generated the production of a landslide on the background of exceptional weather conditions. Side effects were manifested and consist of changes in the morphology of the surface terrain and increasing the water level by 0.5-2 m (observing through direct measurements) compared to the initial level. At the same time, changes in the direction of groundwater flow were observed by blocking the initial directions to the main collector and reversing them to the inhabited area with effects in the flooding (at the level of 2019) of an area with an area of over 5 ha and 17 houses and outbuildings.