In this paper, a semi-flexible 2 × 1 array antenna is proposed with epoxy glass fiber and graphene as patch and ground, respectively. Microstrip patch antenna with a center parasitic patch of half-wavelength and slot in the radiating patch have been incorporated for the bandwidth enhancement in order of 79.56% (2.21–5.13 GHz). The antenna has an overall size of 0.30λ × 0.24λ at a lower frequency of operation (2.45 GHz). The incorporation of slotted Graphene in radiating element leads to a wideband regime with satisfactory gain values of 2.73 and 3.744 dBi at 2.40 and 4.0 GHz, respectively. Antenna radiation efficiency in the range of 78% with linear polarization makes the antenna appropriate for WLAN band and smart wireless devices application.

A coplanar waveguide (CPW)-fed flexible dual-band antenna using graphene as conducting material and Kapton polyimide as a substrate is proposed. The antenna shows increased impedance bandwidth due to the use of CPW-feed having the values of 80.29% (1.64-3.84 GHz) and 6.31% (5.52-5.88 GHz), respectively. The antenna has an overall size of 0.38λ × 0.43λ at center frequency of 3.4 GHz. The proposed flexible antenna has gain values of 1.82 dBi and 1.68 dBi with efficiency values more than 86% which makes the antenna commercially viable for smart wireless products having space constraints.

Many techniques are used in MIMO for various purposes, such as SM (spatial multiplexing), SD (spatial diversity) and antenna beam forming. Among them spatial multiplexing is used in MIMO for accommodating high data-rates applications. In, SM, independent information sequences called as layers are simultaneously transmitted from independent antennas. So, the overall bit-rate compared to single antenna system is thus largely enhanced without requiring extra bandwidth or extra transmission power. However during transmission through channel, individual layers are overlying with each other and MSI (multi stream interference) will occurs at the receiver. So, it is very difficult to obtain intended symbol from the bunch of streams. To solve out this problem of MSI various approaches have been proposed, which provides efficient approximate solution of the detection problem at receiver. Such as zero forcing (ZF), minimum mean square error (MMSE), successive interference cancellation (SIC), Ordered successive interference cancellation (OSIC). In this paper error performance of these SM detection schemes are investigated. They are compared on the basis of their BER performance.

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