The BI is an objective and reliable index in order to quantify emphysematous destruction, hence, avoiding interobserver variance. This is particularly interesting for follow-up. The classification of the ET is a helpful and unique approach to achieving an exact diagnosis of emphysema.

Background: Numerical simulations, also referred to as in silico trials, are nowadays the first step toward approval of new artificial pancreas (AP) systems. One suitable tool to run such simulations is the UVA/Padova Type 1 Diabetes Metabolic Simulator (T1DMS). It was used by Toffanin et al. to provide data about safety and efficacy of AndroidAPS, one of the most wide-spread do-it-yourself AP systems. However, the setup suffered from slow simulation speed. The objective of this work is to speed up simulation by implementing the algorithm directly in MATLAB®/Simulink®. Method: Firstly, AndroidAPS is re-implemented in MATLAB® and verified. Then, the function is incorporated into T1DMS. To evaluate the new setup, a scenario covering 2 days in real time is run for 30 virtual patients. The results are compared to those presented in the literature. Results: Unit tests and integration tests proved the equivalence of the new implementation and the original AndroidAPS code. Simulation of the scenario required approximately 15 minutes, corresponding to a speed-up factor of roughly 1000 with respect to real time. The results closely resemble those presented by Toffanin et al. Discrepancies were to be expected because a different virtual population was considered. Also, some parameters could not be extracted from and harmonized with the original setup. Conclusions: The new implementation facilitates extensive in silico trials of AndroidAPS due to the significant reduction of runtime. This provides a cheap and fast means to test new versions of the algorithm before they are shared with the community.

Ziel dieses Forschungsprojektes ist die Darstellung der akustischen Eigenschaften der Lunge. Hieraus können Erkrankungen wie Asthma oder eine Lungenentzündung diagnostiziert werden. Im Gegensatz zu anderen Forschergruppen wird Schall direkt über die Brustwand eingeleitet und dessen Transmission durch die Lunge auf der gegenüberliegenden Brustwand gemessen. Die Schalltransmission einer gesunden Versuchsperson wurde in Abhängigkeit des Lungenvolumens gemessen. Die Änderung des Volumens entspricht einer Änderung der Lungendichte. Es konnte gezeigt werden, dass die Übertragungsfunktion reproduzierbar ist. Bei einer Frequenz von 135 Hz bleiben die Unterschiede der Dämpfung vernachlässigbar klein (4 dB). Im Gegensatz dazu liegt bei einer Frequenz von 320 Hz eine maximale Änderung der Dämpfung von 16 dB vor. Dieses Ergebnis zeigt, dass die akustische Lungendiagnostik geeignet ist, Erkrankungen, die mit einer erhöhten oder verringerten Lungendichte verbunden sind, zu erkennen.The aim of this project is to characterize the lung by an acoustic method in order to diagnose asthma or a pneumonia. In contrast to other researchers sound is applied directly to the chest wall and its transmission through the lung to the opposite chest wall is measured. The sound transmission of a healthy test subject was measured in dependency of the lung volume. The change of the lung volume corresponds to a change of the lung density. It could be shown that the transfer function is reproducible. At 135 Hz the difference of absorption between inspiration and expiration is neglectable (4 dB), compared to the maximum of 16 dB at 320 Hz. This result shows that the acoustic lung diagnostic is suitable to detect lung diseases, which is associated with an increased or reduced lung density.

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